Long‐term trends and resilience of seagrass metabolism: A decadal aquatic eddy covariance study

Berger, Amélie; Berg, Peter; McGlathery, Karen J.; Delgard, Marie-Lise

doi:10.1002/lno.11397

Cited by 38 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(128 reference statements)

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“…Global seagrass are a from [194], macroalgae area from [195] and are a of othe r e cosystems from [188], e xcept the global coastal ocean [193] which e ncompasses estuarie s, we tlands, e stuaries, and contine ntal shelves. Seagrass data [188] update d from [196][197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209] and macroalgae data from . Plankton GPP and R in salt marshes from [236] and in mangroves from [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Alongi¹

2020

Preprint

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Mangroves and salt marshes are among the most productive ecosystems in the global coastal ocean. Mangroves store more carbon (739 Mg CORG ha-1) than salt marshes (334 Mg CORG ha-1), but the latter sequester proportionally more (24%) net primary production (NPP) than mangroves (12%). Mangroves exhibit greater rates of gross primary production (GPP), above-ground net primary production (NPP) and plant respiration (RC) with higher PGPP/RC ratios, but salt marshes exhibit greater rates of below-ground NPP. Mangroves have greater rates of subsurface DIC production and, unlike salt marshes, exhibit significant microbial decomposition to a soil depth of 1 m. Salt marshes release more soil CH4 and export more dissolved CH4 , but mangroves release more CO2 from tidal waters and export greater amounts of POC, DOC and DIC to adjacent waters. Both ecosystems contribute only a small proportion of GPP, RE (ecosystem respiration) and NEP (net ecosystem production) to the global coastal ocean due to their small global area, but contribute 72% of air-sea CO2 exchange from the world’s wetlands and estuaries and contribute 34% of DIC export and 17% of DOC + POC export to the world’s coastal ocean. Thus, both wetland ecosystems contribute disproportionately to carbon flow of the global coastal ocean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Alongi¹

2020

Preprint

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“…Global seagrass area from [195], macroalgae area from [196] and area of other ecosystems from [188], except the global coastal ocean [194], which encompasses estuaries, other wetlands, and continental shelves. Seagrass data [188] updated from [197][198][199][200][201][202][203][204][205][206][207][208][209][210] and macroalgae data from . Plankton GPP and R in salt marshes from [237] and in mangroves from [52].…”

Section: Whole-ecosystem Carbon Mass Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Alongi

2020

JMSE

158

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Mangroves and salt marshes are among the most productive ecosystems in the global coastal ocean. Mangroves store more carbon (739 Mg CORG ha−1) than salt marshes (334 Mg CORG ha−1), but the latter sequester proportionally more (24%) net primary production (NPP) than mangroves (12%). Mangroves exhibit greater rates of gross primary production (GPP), aboveground net primary production (AGNPP) and plant respiration (RC), with higher PGPP/RC ratios, but salt marshes exhibit greater rates of below-ground NPP (BGNPP). Mangroves have greater rates of subsurface DIC production and, unlike salt marshes, exhibit active microbial decomposition to a soil depth of 1 m. Salt marshes release more CH4 from soil and creek waters and export more dissolved CH4, but mangroves release more CO2 from tidal waters and export greater amounts of particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), to adjacent waters. Both ecosystems contribute only a small proportion of GPP, RE (ecosystem respiration) and NEP (net ecosystem production) to the global coastal ocean due to their small global area, but contribute 72% of air–sea CO2 exchange of the world’s wetlands and estuaries and contribute 34% of DIC export and 17% of DOC + POC export to the world’s coastal ocean. Thus, both wetland ecosystems contribute disproportionately to carbon flow of the global coastal ocean.

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“…Rising ocean temperatures alter seagrass growth and reproduction, and particularly threaten species near the thermal boundary of their geographic range (Fraser et al, 2014;Short et al, 2016;Berger et al, 2020). Rising baseline temperatures are exacerbated by marine heat waves (MHWs), defined following Hobday et al (2016) as periods of at least five consecutive days when temperatures exceed a climatological threshold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we address this knowledge gap using long-term data collected at the Virginia Coast Reserve Long-Term Ecological Research site (VCR). We examined sediment C storage in a restored Zostera marina (eelgrass) meadow that experienced a severe dieback following unusually high summer temperatures in 2015 (Berger et al, 2020). We combined long-term monitoring of seagrass and sediment metrics with intensive sediment sampling before and after the dieback to determine how losses of seagrass shoots affected sediment C stocks from the plot scale (m 2 ) to the meadow scale (km 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seagrass Recovery Following Marine Heat Wave Influences Sediment Carbon Stocks

et al. 2021

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Worldwide, seagrass meadows accumulate significant stocks of organic carbon (C), known as “blue” carbon, which can remain buried for decades to centuries. However, when seagrass meadows are disturbed, these C stocks may be remineralized, leading to significant CO2 emissions. Increasing ocean temperatures, and increasing frequency and severity of heat waves, threaten seagrass meadows and their sediment blue C. To date, no study has directly measured the impact of seagrass declines from high temperatures on sediment C stocks. Here, we use a long-term record of sediment C stocks from a 7-km2, restored eelgrass (Zostera marina) meadow to show that seagrass dieback following a single marine heat wave (MHW) led to significant losses of sediment C. Patterns of sediment C loss and re-accumulation lagged patterns of seagrass recovery. Sediment C losses were concentrated within the central area of the meadow, where sites experienced extreme shoot density declines of 90% during the MHW and net losses of 20% of sediment C over the following 3 years. However, this effect was not uniform; outer meadow sites showed little evidence of shoot declines during the MHW and had net increases of 60% of sediment C over the following 3 years. Overall, sites with higher seagrass recovery maintained 1.7x as much C compared to sites with lower recovery. Our study demonstrates that while seagrass blue C is vulnerable to MHWs, localization of seagrass loss can prevent meadow-wide C losses. Long-term (decadal and beyond) stability of seagrass blue C depends on seagrass resilience to short-term disturbance events.

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Long‐term trends and resilience of seagrass metabolism: A decadal aquatic eddy covariance study

Cited by 38 publications

References 78 publications

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Carbon Balance in Salt Marsh and Mangrove Ecosystems: A Global Synthesis

Seagrass Recovery Following Marine Heat Wave Influences Sediment Carbon Stocks

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