Long-term trends in solar irradiance in Ireland and their potential effects on gross primary productivity

Black, Kevin; Davis, Phill; Lynch, Peter; Jones, Mike; McGettigan, Michael; Osborne, Bruce

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.09.005

Cited by 35 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, over Europe, a decrease from the 1960s to the 1980s, with a subsequent increase up to the 2000s, was observed in both pan evaporation data at Valentia in Ireland (Black et al 2006) and evapotranspiration estimates in Central Europe (Teuling et al 2009), in agreement with the decadal evolution ob served in Spain since the 1960s. Moreover, the trends in ET 0 reported over Spain (Vicente-Serrano et al 2014b) are similar to the changes observed here using Piché and pan evaporation series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaporation trends in Spain: a comparison of Class A pan and Piché atmometer measurements

Sánchez-Lorenzo

Vicente‐Serrano²,

Wild³

et al. 2014

Clim. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interest is growing in the trends of atmospheric evaporation demand, increasing the need for long-term time series. This work describes, for the first time, the development of a dataset on evaporation in Spain based on long-term series of Piché and pan measurement records. Piché measurements have been reported for > 50 stations since the 1960s. Measurements of pan evaporation, which is a much more widely studied variable in the literature, are also available, but only since 1984 for 21 stations. Particular emphasis was placed on the homogenization of this dataset. Both the mean annual Piché and pan series over Spain showed evaporative increases during the common study period (1985−2011), by a rate of around + 0.1 mm d −1 decade −1. Furthermore, using the annual Piché records since the 1960s, an evaporation decline was detected from the 1960s to the mid-1980s, which resulted in a non-significant trend over the entire 1961−2011 period. Our results indicate agreement between the decadal variability of reference evapotranspiration and the surface solar radiation previously reported and the evaporation from Piché and pan measurements, especially during summer. The suitability of Piché records compared to pan evaporation data to represent past trends is discussed. KEY WORDS: Piché evaporimeter · Pan evaporation · Trends · SpainResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Clim Res 61: [277][278][279][280][281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288] 2014

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Evaporation trends in Spain: a comparison of Class A pan and Piché atmometer measurements

Sánchez-Lorenzo

Vicente‐Serrano²,

Wild³

et al. 2014

Clim. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This reduction of total shortwave radiation also coincides with an increase in the diffuse portion of the shortwave radiation (Black et al, 2006;Roderick, 2006) as aerosols and particulates increase the scatter of direct beam radiation ( Fig. 13.1).…”

Section: Global Dimming and Uv-b: Potential Effects On Plantsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Declines in atmospheric transparency have been linked to volcanic activity (Roderick et al, 2001;Lohmann et al, 2006), increased cloud cover (Cutforth and Judiesch, 2007) and air pollution (Jauregui and Luyando, 1999;Alpert et al, 2005;Ramana and Ramanathan, 2006), while decreased cloudiness related to global warming (Nazarenko and Menon, 2005) and improved air quality (Schiermeier, 2005;Black et al, 2006;Norris and Wild, 2007) have been touted as increasing atmospheric transparency. Potential ecological effects of changes in solar radiation reaching the surface of the earth include changes in plant productivity (Roderick et al, 2001;Stanhill and Cohen, 2001;Black et al, 2006) and alteration of the hydrological cycle (Cohen et al, 2002;Roderick and Farquhar, 2002;Liepert and Romanou, 2005;Brutsaert, 2006;Robock and Li, 2006;Li et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Ryel

Flint

Barnes

2010

UV Radiation in Global Climate Change

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Atmospheric aerosols and other particulates have been linked to reductions in shortwave radiation (global dimming). While much research has focused on the effects on plants caused by ambient and elevated UV-B (290 nm 320 nm), the direct effects of global dimming, and those mediated by associated changes in UV-B radiation, have not been effectively assessed. We conducted an experiment in the high-UV environment of Mauna Kea, Hawaii to compare the effects of UV-B reduction with a simulation of global dimming (accomplished with 13% shading). Using fava beans, (Vicia faba), we found that structural differences due to the treatments were minimal in this high light environment. Most surprising was the minimal effect of UV-B on plant growth given the high UV-B environment. However, both UV-B and shading significantly influenced epidermal UV transmittance, suggesting that changes that occur in secondary chemistry can affect epidermal transmittance for UV. Additional experiments suggest that the change in epidermal transmittance due to shading would most likely occur with foliage in highshade environments. Such changes in secondary chemistry have the potential to affect herbivory, nutrient cycling, and plant response to pathogens. While there are few experimental studies that specifically address possible reductions in radiation due to global dimming, many UV reduction experiments have been conducted in recent decades. Attempts to generalize latitudinal responses from these studies, however, are frustrated by a number of factors. Chief among them are different methodologies (reduction of different UV wavebands in different experiments) and a lack of reporting UV irradiance levels.

show abstract

“…Regarding the long-term trends in the global irradiance at the surface, a general decrease ("global dimming") has been reported during the last half century both in the northern and southern hemisphere, which might be related to a decrease of atmospheric transmittance due to changes in cloud characteristics and in atmospheric aerosols [10,11]. Nevertheless, in the last three decades, these changes have been less significant or even ceased [12].…”

Section: A Theoretically Sound Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This assumption means that the effect of the changes of solar irradiance on annual GPP is less important than that due to vegetation changes (as discussed in Section 4). Radiation explains most of the variation in canopy photosynthesis over short periods, but environmental factors such as water availability become more important over long periods [12][13][14][15]. Since alterations in global solar irradiance only have a small impact on GPP annual , the observed inter-annual variability in GPP annual has to be related to structural changes that affect the f APAR, such as changes in leaf area index (LAI) or leaf area duration.…”

Section: A Theoretically Sound Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual Gross Primary Production from Vegetation Indices: A Theoretically Sound Approach

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:A linear relationship between the annual gross primary production (GPP) and a PAR-weighted vegetation index is theoretically derived from the Monteith equation.A semi-empirical model is then proposed to estimate the annual GPP from commonly available vegetation indices images and a representative PAR, which does not require actual meteorological data. A cross validation procedure is used to calibrate and validate the model predictions against reference data. As the calibration/validation process depends on the reference GPP product, the higher the quality of the reference GPP, the better the performance of the semi-empirical model. The annual GPP has been estimated at 1-km scale from MODIS NDVI and EVI images for eight years. Two reference data sets have been used: an optimized GPP product for the study area previously obtained and the MOD17A3 product. Different statistics show a good agreement between the estimates and the reference GPP data, with correlation coefficient around 0.9 and relative RMSE around 20%. The annual GPP is overestimated in semiarid areas and slightly underestimated in dense forest areas. With the above limitations, the model provides an excellent compromise between simplicity and accuracy for the calculation of long time series of annual GPP.

show abstract

Long-term trends in solar irradiance in Ireland and their potential effects on gross primary productivity

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Evaporation trends in Spain: a comparison of Class A pan and Piché atmometer measurements

Evaporation trends in Spain: a comparison of Class A pan and Piché atmometer measurements

Solar UV-B Radiation and Global Dimming: Effects on Plant Growth and UV-Shielding

Annual Gross Primary Production from Vegetation Indices: A Theoretically Sound Approach

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About