Long-term trends in visibility and impacts of aerosol composition on visibility impairment in Baoji, China

Xiao, Shu-Hua; Wang, Q.Y.; Cao, Junji; Huang, Ru‐Jin; Chen, W.D.; Han, Yongming; Xu, Hongwei; Liu, Sixing; Zhou, Yaqing; Wang, P.; Zhang, Jiaquan; Zhan, Chuanlang

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2014.06.006

Cited by 85 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Moreover, visibility can reflect changes in meteorological and air quality conditions and their impact on human health [13][14][15]. Several studies [2,3,8,13,14,16,17] have analyzed poor visibility records across the world to understand their variability in time and space and the specific triggers that may lead to such degradation [3,13,[18][19][20] through an assessment of long-term visibility data from different geographic locations [3,14]. Overall, a significant decline in visibility across the leading to increased scattering cross sections and proportionately reduced visibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Good visibility, the ability to see and recognize objects situated on the ground at more than 5.0 km distance, is essential for the safety of all transport sectors including ground, air, and maritime [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Moreover, visibility can reflect changes in meteorological and air quality conditions and their impact on human health [13][14][15]. Several studies [2,3,8,13,14,16,17] have analyzed poor visibility records across the world to understand their variability in time and space and the specific triggers that may lead to such degradation [3,13,[18][19][20] through an assessment of long-term visibility data from different geographic locations [3,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Aldababseh

Temimi

2017

Atmosphere

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Abstract:The goal of this study is to investigate the variability of poor visibility events occurring hourly in the UAE and their relationship to climate dynamics. Hourly visibility observation data spanning more than three decades from ten stations across the country were used. Four intervals of low visibility, between 0.10 km and 5.0 km, were considered. Poor visibility records were analyzed under wet and dry weather conditions. The Mann-Kendall test was used to assess the inferred trends of low visibility records. The relationships between poor visibility measurements and associated meteorological variables and climate oscillations were also investigated. Results show that Fujairah city has the highest average visibility values under wet weather conditions, while Abu Dhabi city has the lowest average visibility values under both wet and dry conditions. Wet weather conditions had a greater impact than dry weather conditions on visibility deterioration in seven out of the ten stations. Results confirm that fog and dust contribute significantly to the deterioration of visibility in the UAE and that Abu Dhabi has been more impacted by those events than Dubai. Furthermore, the numbers of fog and dust events show steep increasing trends for both cities. A change point in poor visibility records triggered by fog and dust events was detected around the year 1999 at Abu Dhabi and Dubai stations after the application of the cumulative sum method. Increasing shifts in the means and the variances were noticed in the total annual fog events when Student's t-test and Levene's test were applied. In Abu Dhabi, the mean annual number of dust events was approximately 112.5 before 1999, increasing to 337 dust events after 1999. In Dubai, the number of dust events increased from around 85.5 to 315.6 events. The inferred fog and dust trends were compared to four climate indices. Results showed a significant correlation (positive and negative) between four climate indices and the occurrence of fog and dust events in the UAE.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Aldababseh

Temimi

2017

Atmosphere

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“…Also, atmospheric aerosol has strong impacts on visibility (Yang et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2014;Xiao et al, 2014) and public health (Heal et al, 2012). Recent studies found that short-term exposure to haze pollution could cause airway inflammation and aggravate respiratory symptoms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (S. Guan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements

Xie

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. We characterize a representative particulate matter (PM) episode that occurred in Shanghai during winter 2014. Particle size distribution, hygroscopicity, effective density, and single particle mass spectrometry were determined online, along with offline analysis of water-soluble inorganic ions. The mass ratio of SNA / PM 1.0 (sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium) fluctuated slightly around 0.28, suggesting that both secondary inorganic compounds and carbonaceous aerosols contributed substantially to the haze formation, regardless of pollution level. Nitrate was the most abundant ionic species during hazy periods, indicating that NO x contributed more to haze formation in Shanghai than did SO 2 . During the representative PM episode, the calculated PM was always consistent with the measured PM 1.0 , indicating that the enhanced pollution level was attributable to the elevated number of larger particles. The number fraction of the near-hydrophobic group increased as the PM episode developed, indicating the accumulation of local emissions. Three "banana-shaped" particle evolutions were consistent with the rapid increase of PM 1.0 mass loading, indicating that the rapid size growth by the condensation of condensable materials was responsible for the severe haze formation. Both hygroscopicity and effective density of the particles increased considerably with growing particle size during the bananashaped evolutions, indicating that the secondary transformation of NO x and SO 2 was one of the most important contributors to the particle growth. Our results suggest that the accumulation of gas-phase and particulate pollutants under stagnant meteorological conditions and subsequent rapid particle growth by secondary processes were primarily responsible for the haze pollution in Shanghai during wintertime.

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“…According to the formula, contribution of each aerosol species and the total contribution by aerosol to light extinction can be calculated. Both the original and the revised formulas have been applied in the studies in China (Yang et al, 2007;Tao et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2012;Xiao et al, 2014). The major concern in applying the IMPROVE formulas is their universal applicability since the formulas were developed for rural/remote areas in United States (Sisler and Malm, 1994;Hand et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstructed Light Extinction Coefficients of Fine Particulate Matter in Rural Guangzhou, Southern China

Chen

Lai

Gao

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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A one-year campaign was conducted to collected PM 2.5 samples in the rural area of Guangzhou, the largest megacity in South China, from March 2012 to February 2013. Mass concentration of PM 2.5 , carbonaceous fractions (i.e., organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC)) and 6 water-soluble ions were analyzed. Light extinction coefficient (b ext ) of fine particulate matter was reconstructed using the revised IMPROVE formula at the site. (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 (AS) made a dominant contribution to the light extinction budget, accounting for 61.3% (155.6 ± 108.5 Mm -1 ) annually, with highest in autumn (68.0%) and lowest in winter (55.2%). Organic matter (OM) was the second largest contributor accounting for 20.5% (52.2 ± 42.7 Mm -1 ) with highest in winter (23.4%) and lowest in spring (18.0%). The relationship between reconstructed b ext and measured b ext was investigated under the influence of seasonality, visibility and PM 2.5 concentration. We found that b ext could be reconstructed using revised IMPROVE formula in high PM 2.5 days (threshold value of ~60 µg m -3 ). On other hand, the performance of formula was unsatisfactory for b ext reconstruction of in low PM 2.5 days, when meteorological conditions could have significant impact on visibility.

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Long-term trends in visibility and impacts of aerosol composition on visibility impairment in Baoji, China

Cited by 85 publications

References 36 publications

Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Analysis of the Long-Term Variability of Poor Visibility Events in the UAE and the Link with Climate Dynamics

Insight into winter haze formation mechanisms based on aerosol hygroscopicity and effective density measurements

Reconstructed Light Extinction Coefficients of Fine Particulate Matter in Rural Guangzhou, Southern China

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