Long term variation of sardine Sardina pilchardus spawning along the Atlantic coast of northwest Africa (21–26°N): characterization and spatiotemporal variability in spawning habitat

Abdelouahab, Hinde; Berraho, A.; Baibai, Tarik; Larissi, Jamila; Charib, Said; Agouzouk, Aziz; Makaoui, Ahmed; Ettahiri, Omar; Errhif, Ahmed

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2020.08.006

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…High suitability for spawning was predicted in areas where salinity ranged from ~34 to ~36 PSU, such as observed in the northeast Atlantic coast (Figure 2). A positive relationship of sardine spawning areas (represented by egg abundance) and salinity were observed in the Atlantic coast of northwest Africa (Ettahiri et al, 2003;Abdelouahab et al, 2021), off Portugal (Angeĺico et al, 2004 and in the Bay of Biscay (Planque et al, 2007), where favourable conditions were reported to be between ~34 to 36.4 PSU.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sardines are acknowledged to have a temperature-dependent spawning along their distribution range (Tugores et al, 2011;Abdelouahab et al, 2021;Gordó-Vilaseca et al, 2021). In addition, it is commonly reported in the literature that sardines take advantage of shelf upwelling systems with cold water and enhanced productivity, and under the influence of favourable winds that minimize offshore transport (Olivar et al, 2003;Santos et al, 2005;Stratoudakis et al, 2007;Giannoulaki et al, 2014;Abdelouahab et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such negative relationship was not observed in the African coast. In fact, the present-day influence of northeasterly winds and the Ekman transport along the Atlantic African coast favour sardine spawning along the Moroccan coastal upwelling during the entire year, due to the presence of cold surface waters and high primary productivity (Abdelouahab et al, 2021). However, for this region, productivity has been projected to decrease in the future (Yool et al, 2015), coinciding with losses in habitat suitability across all seasons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal approach to forecast the suitability of spawning habitats of a temperate small pelagic fish under a high-emission climate change scenario

et al. 2022

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Spawning habitats of cold-water, European small pelagic fishes have shifted poleward in the last three decades coincident with gradual ocean warming. We predicted present-day, season-specific habitat suitability for spawning by European sardine Sardina pichardus in the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean and Black Seas, and projected climate-driven changes in suitable areas from 2050-2099 under the IPCC – RCP 8.5 scenario. Sea surface temperature and distance to the coast had the greater influences in spawning habitats, reflecting the temperature- and coastal-dependent spawning of sardines. Chlorophyll-a was the third most important explanatory variable for spawning in winter to summer. Winds were predominantly important during autumn, whilst sea surface salinity was an important driver during spring and summer. Present-day, “hotspots” for spawning were identified in regions of highly productive, salty waters, where SST was between 6 and 18°C from autumn to spring or 16 and 25°C during summer and favourable winds occurred that would retain eggs and larvae closer to the coast (< 250 km). For future scenarios, forecasts indicate that environmental optima for spawning is projected to be in regions where SST varies between 11°C and 18°C from autumn to spring; and between 18°C and 24°C during summer. However, a negative relationship between phytoplankton productivity and habitat suitability induced by warming is likely to occur in the future. Projections suggest that suitable spawning habitats in all seasons will shift to higher latitudes, with a prominent range expansion along the coast of Norway during winter and autumn (> 83%). The total spawning area, however, was projected to contract in the future during spring (-10.5%) and autumn (-4.1%) due to losses of currently suitable areas along the Atlantic African Coast and Mediterranean Sea. Such regions currently support the greatest sardine stocks but climate-driven warming and decreased plankton productivity are projected to make these areas unsuitable for spawning and likely also for sardine fisheries in future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal approach to forecast the suitability of spawning habitats of a temperate small pelagic fish under a high-emission climate change scenario

et al. 2022

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“…Thus, any time a multiple spawner encounters adequate spawning conditions, a spawning event may occur. Meeting spawning criteria is often linked to changes in ambient temperature (Quaatey & Maravelias 1999, Ettahiri et al 2003, Takasuka et al 2008, Abdelouahab et al 2021. For instance, in the Mediterranean, anchovies prefer temperate conditions between 15 and 22°C for spawning (García & Palomera 1996), while eggs of S. aurita can be found at 20−27°C (Sabatés et al 2009).…”

Section: Asynchronous Spawning Responses: Anchovy Vs Sardinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproduction of small pelagic fish is strongly associated with the availability of food resources (mainly zooplankton) (Quaatey & Maravelias 1999, Somarakis et al 2004, Abdelouahab et al 2021. Income breeders, such as anchovy and sardinella, allocate energy for spawning primarily from feeding (Somarakis et al 2004), while foraging by the planktivorous larvae ensures their survival.…”

Section: Asynchronous Spawning Responses: Anchovy Vs Sardinellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Asynchronized spawning responses of small pelagic fishes to a short-term environmental change

Tiedemann

Ndour

Sow

et al. 2022

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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We provide substantial evidence on how short-term changes in environmental conditions activate and deactivate spawning activities in small pelagic fishes. An ichthyoplankton survey was conducted along the southernmost part of the Canary Current upwelling ecosystem in May 2013, covering the area twice within 20 d. This period coincided with a strong environmental change from a cold productive upwelling regime to a warmer and less productive upwelling relaxation event. This change triggered a shift in spawning activity from European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolus to round/flat sardinella Sardinella spp. We used zero-altered negative binomial regression models with a generalized additive structure based on integrated nested Laplace approximations to link early larval distribution patterns to the 2 different regimes. The models confirmed 2 species-specific temperature spawning windows, suggesting a spawning pause of anchovy during upwelling relaxation while simultaneously activating spawning in sardinella. Observing immediate spawning responses to the 2 environmental regimes underlines the assumption that windows of spawning opportunity are the main drivers of small pelagic fish fluctuations in upwelling regions. The duration of a specific environmental condition can, therefore, increase or decrease the chances for reproductive success. The observations of this study may explain why certain small pelagic fish species can dominate over others during a particular period and might also apply to other upwelling regions of the world oceans where upwelling and relaxation events alternate.

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Coupling oceanic mesoscale events with catches of the Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) in the Gulf of California

Farach-Espinoza

López‐Martínez

García‐Morales

et al. 2022

Progress in Oceanography

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Long term variation of sardine Sardina pilchardus spawning along the Atlantic coast of northwest Africa (21–26°N): characterization and spatiotemporal variability in spawning habitat

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Seasonal approach to forecast the suitability of spawning habitats of a temperate small pelagic fish under a high-emission climate change scenario

Seasonal approach to forecast the suitability of spawning habitats of a temperate small pelagic fish under a high-emission climate change scenario

Asynchronized spawning responses of small pelagic fishes to a short-term environmental change

Coupling oceanic mesoscale events with catches of the Pacific sardine (Sardinops sagax) in the Gulf of California

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