Long-term weight change in adulthood and incident diabetes mellitus: MY Health Up Study

Kaneto, Chie; Toyokawa, Satoshi; Miyoshi, Yuji; Suyama, Yasuo; Kobayashi, Yasuki

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2013.08.011

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…3 Merely being overweight carries a three-fold increased risk of T2DM. 4, 5, 6 Insulin influences energy metabolism and storage through its effect on substrate uptake and utilization along with mobilization of stored energy reserves, operating in a way that preferentially favours carbohydrate metabolism, lipid and glycogen synthesis and storage, and protein synthesis. 7 In certain populations, long-term weight/body mass index (BMI) gain from early adulthood onwards carries an increased risk for development of T2DM even after adjusting for final BMI, suggesting that weight gain itself is associated with impaired metabolic function.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history

et al. 2017

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Background:Weight gain is associated with deterioration in metabolic health, whereas weight loss improves insulin sensitivity. This study assesses the impact of long-term, successfully maintained weight loss and weight-loss relapse on measures of insulin sensitivity and identifies factors that explain variability in insulin sensitivity.Methods:Women (20–45 years) were recruited into four groups: reduced-overweight/obese (RED, n=15); body mass index (BMI)-matched controls (stable low-weight, n=19), BMI⩽27 kg m−2; relapsed-overweight/obese subjects (REL, n=11); and BMI-matched controls (obese stable weight, n=11), BMI⩾27 kg m−2. A 75 g oral glucose tolerance test determined fasting and 2 h plasma glucose and insulin. Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI(0,120)) assessed insulin sensitivity. Anthropometric measurements, fasting resting metabolic rate (RMR) and respiratory quotient (RQ) were measured. Questionnaires and dietary intake were recorded, and physical activity was measured using accelerometers.Results:RED were more insulin sensitive, characterised by lower fasting (P=0.001) and 2 h insulin (P=0.003) levels compared with all other groups. There were no significant differences in dietary intake, sedentary, light and moderate activity, RMR or RQ in the RED compared with the other three groups. % Body weight (BW) lost (P<0.001), % BW regained (P<0.05), body fat %, light activity (P<0.05, only log HOMA), vigorous activity (P<0.05) and RQ (P<0.01) predicted 61.4% and 59.7% of variability in log HOMA and log ISI(0,120), respectively, in multiple linear regression models.Conclusion:This study showed sustained enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful weight loss maintainers compared with BMI-matched controls with no weight loss history. Weight-loss-relapsed individuals were indistinguishable from controls. Weight loss itself was the strongest predictor of improved insulin sensitivity, whereas weight regain significantly predicted reduced insulin sensitivity. Weight-loss maintenance programs are essential to retaining metabolic benefits acquired through weight loss. Being physically active, reducing sedentary behaviour and, in particular, including small amounts of vigorous physical activity significantly predicted improved insulin sensitivity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history

et al. 2017

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“…Weight gain is associated with T2DM in middle aged adults (40–59 years of age), [11] and with impaired fasting glucose (a pre-diabetic state) in young adults (20–39 years of age). [12] On the contrary, weight loss may also be associated with T2DM risk, [13,14] which, however, might depend on the individuals’ baseline BMI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body mass trajectories, diabetes mellitus, and mortality in a large cohort of Austrian adults

et al. 2016

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“…2,5,6,14 Kaneto et al 14 further noted that long-term weight gain as a predictor of DM was independent of total weight, and that adult weight gain, even within the normal weight class, could increase the risk of developing DM. This is consistent with our findings; however, our sample population is much larger than that in their study (13,700), and their study took place in a country with a relatively low rate of obesity and extreme obesity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is consistent with our findings; however, our sample population is much larger than that in their study (13,700), and their study took place in a country with a relatively low rate of obesity and extreme obesity. 14 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal Trends in the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in an Urban Emergency Department

Sterling

Jones

Cox

2016

Southern Medical Journal

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Objective The objective of this study was to examine the longitudinal trends in diabetes mellitus (DM) in emergency department (ED) patients and evaluate the factors associated with those trends. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of all patients who presented to the ED from 2006 to 2011. The presence of DM, height, and weight were recorded prospectively. The study was conducted in the ED of an urban, academic hospital with an average yearly volume of approximately 62,000 patients. Inclusion criteria were age 16 years and older; presentation to the ED for any reason; and documentation of height, weight, and history of DM. Data were analyzed in 1-year blocks, then examined for trends using linear regression analysis. Data also were examined by obesity class: normal (body mass index [BMI] 20–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2), obese (BMI 30–39.9 kg/m2), and extreme obesity (BMI >40 kg/m2). Results There was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of type 2 DM during the study period. The percentage of type 2 DM for all patient visits increased progressively from 10.7% to 16.1% (r2 0.97). Progressive increases in yearly type 2 DM prevalence were observed for all BMI classes. The rate of change in the increase of DM was related directly to the degree of obesity. For the normal weight category, the percentage of patients with DM increased 0.5%/year (r2 0.92), overweight 0.7%/year (r2 0.88), obesity 1.0%/year (r2 0.90), and extreme obesity category 1.4%/year (r2 0.94). Patient age increased slightly for all obesity groups, accounting for a 0.2% to 0.4%/year increase in the prevalence of DM in the population. Conclusions In this longitudinal analysis, we found an increase in the prevalence of patients with DM and an increase in ED visits by patients with DM. Our results indicate that these increases are influenced most significantly by the obesity level of the patient.

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Long-term weight change in adulthood and incident diabetes mellitus: MY Health Up Study

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history

Enhanced insulin sensitivity in successful, long-term weight loss maintainers compared with matched controls with no weight loss history

Body mass trajectories, diabetes mellitus, and mortality in a large cohort of Austrian adults

Longitudinal Trends in the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus in an Urban Emergency Department

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