Long-Time Containment of a Pure Electron Plasma

Malmberg, J. H.; Driscoll, C. F.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.44.654

Cited by 190 publications

(112 citation statements)

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“…Penning traps have been used very successfully for precision measurement on confined particles and ions [5,[87][88][89] The Penning-Malmberg variant of this trap ( Fig. 2.1(b)) replaces the hyperbolic electrodes with a series of hollow cylindrical electrodes [90]. Similar to above, the PenningMalmberg trap includes a strong axial magnetic field for radial confinement, while the electrodes provide an axially-confining electric field.…”

Section: Penning-malmberg Trap For Charged Particlesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Detection of Trapped Antihydrogen

Hydomako

2013

Springer Theses

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The ALPHA experiment is an international effort to produce, trap, and perform precision spectroscopic measurements on antihydrogen (the bound state of a positron and an antiproton). Based at the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility at CERN, the ALPHA experiment has recently magnetically confined antihydrogen atoms for the first time. A crucial element in the observation of trapped antihydrogen is ALPHA's silicon vertexing detector. This detector contains sixty silicon modules arranged in three concentric layers, and is able to determine the three-dimensional location of the annihilation of an antihydrogen atom by reconstructing the trajectories of the produced annihilation products.This dissertation focuses mainly on the methods used to reconstruct the annihilation location. Specifically, the software algorithms used to identify and extrapolate charged particle tracks are presented along with the routines used to estimate the annihilation location from the convergence of the identified tracks. It is shown that these methods can determine the annihilation location with a spatial resolution between about 0.6 to 0.8 cm (depending on the coordinate being measured). Furthermore, a robust analysis to identify and reduce cosmic ray background events is described. The cosmic ray background can obscure the trapped antihydrogen signal, and its suppression leads to a significant increase in the annihilation detection sensitivity. The background suppression analysis involves examining the reconstructed detector event based on several selection criteria, including: the number of charged particle tracks, the radial vertex position, and a fit of a straight line to the event hit positions. By carefully optimizing these criteria, (99.54 ± 0.02)% of cosmic ray events are rejected, while (64.4 ± 0.1)% of antihydrogen annihilation events are retained. Finally, the experimental results demonstrating the first-ever magnetic confinement of antihydrogen atoms are presented. These results rely heavily on the silicon i detector, and as such, the role of the annihilation vertex reconstruction is emphasized.

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Section: Penning-malmberg Trap For Charged Particlesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Detection of Trapped Antihydrogen

Hydomako

2013

Springer Theses

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“…One feature predicted by equation 5, is that lifetime increases as the square of magnetic field. The sensitivity of lifetime to magnetic field has been reported (Malmberg, 1980) experimentally.…”

Section: Radial Diffusion and Other Loss Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But even with the alignment errors, the lifetime increased quadratically with magnetic field. Subsequent development of the traps pioneered by (Malmberg, 1980) has included the development (Hollmann, 2000) of the "rotating wall", in which r.f. with a cyclic phase pattern is imposed on a segmented cylindrical electrode.…”

Section: Radial Diffusion and Other Loss Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and preliminary testing of a high performance antiproton trap (HiPAT)

Martin

Lewis²,

Kramer

et al. 2001

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Antimatter represents the ptnnaele of energy density, offering the potential to enhance current fusion/fission concepts enabling various classes of deep space missions. Current production rates are sufficient to support proof-ofconcept evaluation of many key technologies associated with antimatter-derived propulsion.Storage has been identified as a key enabling technology for all antimatter-related operations, and as such is the current focus of this NASA-MSFC effort to design and fabricate a portable device capable of holding up to 1012 particles. Hardware has been assembled and initial tests are underway to evaluate the trap behavior using electron gun generated, positive hydrogen ions. Ions have been stored for tens of minutes, limited by observed iraeraetion with background gas. Additionally, radio frequency manipulation is being tested to increase lifetime by stabilizing the stored pea'tides, potentially reducing their interaction with background gas, easing requirements on ultimate trap vacuum and precision mechanical alignment,

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“…The confinement of neutral plasmas by a magnetic field is fundamentally different from that of single-component plasmas, which are well-known to exhibit remarkably good confinement. Very long confinement times of single-component plasmas (i.e., hours or days) have been obtained by careful experimental design [43]. For two-species plasmas, however, unlike-particle collisions lead to cross-field transport many orders of magnitude larger than that observed in single component plasmas.…”

Section: Electron-positron Plasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical limits on positron accumulation and the creation of electron-positron plasmas

Greaves¹,

Surko²

2002

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The tasks of accumulating large numbers of positrons, creating high-density positron plastnas, and confining electron-positron plasmas present a number of technical challenges. Some practical considerations and limitations of common confinement schemes are discussed. A novel design for a multi-ccll Penning-Malmberg trap is proposed for the accumulation of large numbers of positrons (e.g., > 1012 and T -05 cV). A method is dcscribed to create a Ilow-density, electronpositron plasma (e.g., it "-107 cmt 3) for basic plasma physics studies that uses a cotnhinatiom of radio-frequency and magnetic confincment. The possibilities for confinement of a hot (cc.. T > 10 keV) electron-positron plasma in a magnetic mirror arc also discussed.

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Long-Time Containment of a Pure Electron Plasma

Cited by 190 publications

References 9 publications

Detection of Trapped Antihydrogen

Detection of Trapped Antihydrogen

Design and preliminary testing of a high performance antiproton trap (HiPAT)

Practical limits on positron accumulation and the creation of electron-positron plasmas

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