Long working hours, safety, and health: Toward a national research agenda

Caruso, Claire C.; Bushnell, Tim; Eggerth, Donald E.; Heitmann, Anneke; Kojola, Bill; Newman, Katharine; Rosa, Roger R.; Sauter, Steven L.; Vila, Bryan

doi:10.1002/ajim.20373

Cited by 190 publications

(207 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…This study shows the risk factors of nosocomial skin infection was not statistically significant,disagree with study done in Kampala, Uganda [18].…”

Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 99%

Occupational Nosocomial Skin Infections Among Nursing Staff in Baqubah Teaching Hospitals.

Azzawi.¹

2017

IJAR

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Background:Health care workers especially nursing staff are at risk of acquiringnosocomial skin infections through occupational exposure.Nosocomial skin infections(NCSI)can be caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasite. Aims:To determine the prevalence of occupational nosocomial skin infections among the nursing staff in Baqubah teaching hospitals and to assess the factors responsible fornon-compliance of infection control measures amongst nursing staff. Patients and Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted among nurses in two teaching hospitals in Baqubah cityfrom 1 st September 2015 to 31 th of March 2016.Special questionnaires were used to determine the prevalence of nosocomial skin infections among 200 nurses who worked at the twohospitals were chosen randomly, anddermatological examination was performed by dermatological specialist. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The prevalence of occupational nosocomial skin infections was (53/200) (26.5%) and it was most common in Baqubah teaching hospital; (68%) in medical ICU and (64%) in surgical departments. The majority of cases were infected with scabies (73.5%), other infections;fungal infection (15%), while pediculosis, warts, molluscumcontagiosum each one compose (4%) of infections.High prevalence was among males (62%), with age group more than 35 years old (47%), with bad hand hygiene (41%). Conclusions:We conclude that scabies were the most common occupational nosocomial skin infections among the male nursing staff with age group more than 35 years old, with bad hand hygiene, working in Baqubah teaching hospital.

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“…This study shows the risk factors of nosocomial skin infection was not statistically significant,disagree with study done in Kampala, Uganda [18].…”

Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 99%

Occupational Nosocomial Skin Infections Among Nursing Staff in Baqubah Teaching Hospitals.

Azzawi.¹

2017

IJAR

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, although several reviews of this field exist (5,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24), the few systematic quantifications of the evidence have been based on published cross-sectional (18,19,25) or published longitudinal studies (26). Given the potential publication bias in studies based on published data (27), an individual-participant metaanalysis of unpublished data would provide important complementary evidence to evaluate the effect of long working hours on mental health.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long working hours and depressive symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data

Virtanen¹,

Jokela²,

Madsen³

et al. 2018

Scand J Work Environ Health

165

111

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Objectives This systematic review and meta-analysis combined published study-level data and unpublished individual-participant data with the aim of quantifying the relation between long working hours and the onset of depressive symptoms. MethodsWe searched PubMed and Embase for published prospective cohort studies and included available cohorts with unpublished individual-participant data. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to calculate summary estimates across studies.Results We identified ten published cohort studies and included unpublished individual-participant data from 18 studies. In the majority of cohorts, long working hours was defined as working ≥55 hours per week. In multivariable-adjusted meta-analyses of 189 729 participants from 35 countries [96 275 men, 93 454 women, follow-up ranging from 1-5 years, 21 747 new-onset cases), there was an overall association of 1.14 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.25] between long working hours and the onset of depressive symptoms, with significant evidence of heterogeneity (I 2 =45.1%, P=0.004). A strong association between working hours and depressive symptoms was found in Asian countries (1.50, 95% CI 1.13-2.01), a weaker association in Europe (1.11, 95% CI 1.00-1.22), and no association in North America (0.97, 95% CI 0.70-1.34) or Australia (0.95,. Differences by other characteristics were small. ConclusionsThis observational evidence suggests a moderate association between long working hours and onset of depressive symptoms in Asia and a small association in Europe.Key terms depression; mental health; overtime; psychological distress; working life; working time. Long working hours and depressive symptomsDepression is a leading cause of years lived with disability, contributing to a significant proportion of disease burden worldwide (1). Given that the burden of mental disorders peaks at working age (1), workingage populatio ns are an important target for prevention. There is growing evidence to suggest a link between work characteristics and the onset of depression, with perceived psychosocial work stress being the most often investigated work exposure (2-7).Recently, studies have also focused on long working hours as a potential risk factor for mental disorders (8). However, although several reviews of this field exist (5, 9-24), the few systematic quantifications of the evidence have been based on published cross-sectional (18,19,25) or published longitudinal studies (26). Given the potential publication bias in studies based on published data (27), an individual-participant metaanalysis of unpublished data would provide important complementary evidence to evaluate the effect of long working hours on mental health. Furthermore, long working hours are more common in Asia and North America than in Europe and the risk of mental health problems is higher among women and individuals with low socioeconomic position than men and those with high socioeconomic status. As determinants and mechanisms that harm and protect mental health may also vary by regio...

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“…Studies have suggested that acclimation to cold environments can moderate response to cold stress, but prior experience was not indicative of subjective or physiological cold tolerance [32,37]. These findings should be considered when addressing occupational health policies within the tourism industry [23]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…mornings and evenings) [21,22]. Moreover, these environmentally stressful expeditions may last for up to 5-hours and offer little to no shelter from the elements during that time, compounding stress with duration [23]. As a result, the individuals with the most responsibility are also the most likely to have attentional and decision-making impairments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Task-dependent cold stress during expeditions in Antarctic environments

Morris

Pilcher

Powell

2017

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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This study seeks to understand the degree of body cooling, cold perception and physical discomfort during Antarctic tour excursions.Eight experienced expedition leaders across three Antarctic cruise voyages were monitored during occupational tasks: kayaking, snorkelling and zodiac outings. Subjective cold perception and discomfort were recorded using a thermal comfort assessment and skin temperature was recorded using a portable data logger. Indoor cabin temperature and outdoor temperature with wind velocity were used as measures of environmental stress. Physical activity level and clothing insulation were estimated using previous literature.Tour leaders experienced a 6°C (2°C wind chill) environment for an average of 6 hours each day. Leaders involved in kayaking reported feeling colder and more uncomfortable than other leaders, but zodiac leaders showed greater skin temperature cooling. Occupational experience did not predict body cooling or cold stress perception.These findings indicate that occupational cold stress varies by activity and measurement methodology. The current study effectively used objective and subjective measures of cold-stress to identify factors which can contribute to risk in the Antarctic tourism industry. Results suggest that the type of activity may moderate risk of hypothermia, but not discomfort, potentially putting individuals at risk for cognitive related mistakes and cold injuries.

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Long working hours, safety, and health: Toward a national research agenda

Cited by 190 publications

References 61 publications

Occupational Nosocomial Skin Infections Among Nursing Staff in Baqubah Teaching Hospitals.

Occupational Nosocomial Skin Infections Among Nursing Staff in Baqubah Teaching Hospitals.

Long working hours and depressive symptoms: systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies and unpublished individual participant data

Task-dependent cold stress during expeditions in Antarctic environments

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