Longevity of cryogenically stored seeds

Walters, Christina; Wheeler, Lana; Stanwood, P. C.

doi:10.1016/j.cryobiol.2004.01.007

Cited by 206 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…While initial seed viability is an essential aspect of defining optimum conditions for long-term storage (Walters et al 2004;Popova et al 2012), the importance of seed viability on the development of seedling root systems is less understood. In the present study of seedlings grown in field condition, analysis of roots with a diameter <2 mm, which is commonly considered to have absorptive function (Finér et al 2007), did not show any significant differences in root system morphology (SRL) after seed storage at different temperatures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Mucha

Szymańska

Zadworny

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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Key message Seed storage temperature influences root anatomy of the endangered Populus nigra, and consequently may alter nutrient absorption. A lower temperature during seed storage (−20 and −196 °C) may preserve the potential for a suitable root system development after germination. Context Seed storage conditions can be an important determinant of later seedling growth of Populus nigra L., an endangered tree species. Aims We tested whether long-term seed storage temperature, −10, −20 or −196 °C, affects the pattern of seedling root traits responsible for resource acquisition as compared to seedlings of fresh seeds. Methods We analysed the morphology, anatomy, degree of mycorrhizal colonization, and biochemical composition of roots developed from seed stored for 24 months at five different temperatures (from 3 to −196 °C) commonly used to preserve genetic resources. Results Except for root anatomy, we found no relationship between seed storage temperature and the root traits of seedlings. Among the various storage conditions, the proportion of roots with primary development in the first four orders was similar in seedlings developed from fresh seeds of from seeds stored at −196 or −20 °C. Nitrogen content in the roots was positively correlated with the proportion of (i) roots with primary development and (ii) the cortex width in the root diameter. Conclusions Higher temperatures during seed storage reduced the proportion of roots with absorptive function (with primary development). Therefore, for preservation of P. nigra seeds we recommend lower temperatures such as −20 and −196 °C.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Mucha

Szymańska

Zadworny

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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“…Wang et al (1993) suggest that the safe range of w.c. of seeds preserved in LN is 3.8-11%. In general, studies performed at the National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation in Fort Collins, CO, showed that the lower the storage temperature, the longer the storage life of the seeds (Walters et al, 2004). However, cryopreservation is not sufficient to stop the processes leading to the deterioration of seed quality, particularly if the processes of aging have already been initiated (before cryopreservation) at the higher storage temperature (Walters et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryopreservation of dormant orthodox seeds of forest trees: mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.)

Chmielarz

2009

Ann. For. Sci.

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Abstract• The sensitivity of dormant seeds of mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.) of Polish provenances to extreme desiccation and/or the ultra-low temperature of liquid nitrogen, LN (−196 • C), was investigated to identify the optimum seed water content (w.c.) at this temperature.• Germination and seedling emergence tests in this study showed that there is no critical seed w.c. for deeply desiccated seeds (stone w.c. 1.6%), although such desiccated seeds were sensitive to the temperature of LN in the seedling emergence test. For seeds frozen in LN, the highest germinability was observed at w.c. of 9.0-16.9%, but seedling emergence was then significantly lower than in nonfrozen seeds. The 2-year of storage in LN of seeds desiccated to 7.8% w.c. did not decrease germinability after thawing, in comparison with 2-year of storage at −3 • C. Storage in LN showed that if seeds were stored after breaking of their dormancy, germinability after storage was lower because of the necessity of seed desiccation to the lower level (∼ 8%) of w.c. after stratification (before storage). Secondary dormancy was induced in seeds desiccated after stratification.• The results of this study demonstrate the potential for long-term cryopreservation of mazzard cherry seeds in forest gene banks. Mots-clés :dessiccation / azote liquide / stockage des semences / stratification / teneur en eau Résumé -La cryoconservation des semences dormantes orthodoxes des arbres forestiers : le merisier (Prunus avium L.).• La sensibilité des semences dormantes de merisier (Prunus avium L.) de provenances polonaise à l'extrême dessiccation et/ou à l'ultra-basse température de l'azote liquide, LN (−196 • C), a été étudiée afin d'identifier l'optimum de teneur en eau (w.c.) des semences à cette température.• Les tests de germination et émergence des plantules dans cette étude ont montré qu'il n'y a pas de teneur en eau critique (w.c.) pour les semences profondément déshydratées (teneur en eau 1,6 %), bien que ces graines desséchées soient sensibles à la température de la LN dans le test d'émergence des plantules. Pour les semences congelées dans LN, la plus forte capacité de germination a été observée à une teneur en eau de 9, 0−16, 9 %, mais l'émergence des semis a ensuite été beaucoup plus faible que dans les semences non congelées. Deux ans de stockage LN pour les semences déshydraté à une teneur en eau de 7,8 % n'a pas diminué la capacité de germination après décongélation, en comparaison avec 2 ans de stockage à 3 • C. Le stockage en LN a montré que si les semences ont été stockées après la levée de leur dormance, leur capacité de germination après stockage a été plus faible en raison de la nécessité d'une dessiccation à un faible teneur en eau (∼ 8%) après stratification (avant stockage). Une dormance secondaire a été induite chez des semences déshydratées après stratification.• Les résultats de cette étude démontrent le potentiel, pour une cryopréservation à long terme, des semences de merisier dans des banques forestières de gènes.

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“…However, recently it has been reported that cryogenic temperatures may not be sufficient to stop deterioration especially if the initial stages of aging were allowed to progress at higher storage temperatures. In spite of the obvious advantage of ultra-cold storage in seeds much of the underlying biological understanding is still not clear (DICKIES et al, 1990;ELLIS, 1998;WALTERS et al, 2004). Further detailed research on various parameters that influence cryo-behavior, especially lipid content, membrane composition, cryoprotective proteins and unfrozen water content in this species must be evaluated.…”

Section: Effects Of Post-storage Primingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cryoprotectants and Post-storage Priming on Seed Germination of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica

Kim

Han

et al. 2009

Silvae Genetica

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Among the ex situ methods for the preservation of forest tree germplasm, conventional seed banking is considered the most efficient method for the majority of species whilst cryopreservation has an important role in long-term conservation. The influence of cryoprotectants prior to liquid nitrogen (LN) storage and osmoconditioning priming treatments with polyethylene glycol (PEG) after LN storage were evaluated for germination (%), germination value (GV) and mean germination time (MGT) in seeds of Cryptomeria japonica. Sugi seeds were treated with two cryoprotectants (DMSO and PVS2) before immersion into LN and stored for three days. Although the C. japonica seeds survived liquid nitrogen treatment, their viability was reduced from 25 % of intact seeds to 17 % in LN. The seeds treated with 35 % DMSO showed higher germination (28 %) as compared with seeds directly-immersed in LN without cryoprotectant treatment. In contrast, PVS2 pretreated seeds decreased germination (13 %). Two concentrations of PEG priming treatments were carried out. Osmoconditioning treatment in -0.4 MPa PEG solution after removal from LN enhanced the subsequent germination percentage and decreased MGT. PEG treatments at both -0.4 and -1.2MPa to PVS2 pretreated seeds before cryopreservation partially alleviated the negative effect of PVS2. DMSO pretreated seeds immersed into LN and treated with -0.4MPa PEG maintained the 28 % of germination obtained in the control conditions and reduced the mean germination time (MGT). It can therefore be summarized that pretreatment with 35 % DMSO was suitable for the cryopreservation of C. japonica seeds whilst the PEG priming treatment circumvented imbibitional damage after LN exposure.

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Longevity of cryogenically stored seeds

Cited by 206 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Effect of seed storage temperature on fine root development and mycorrhizal colonization of young Populus nigra seedlings

Cryopreservation of dormant orthodox seeds of forest trees: mazzard cherry (Prunus avium L.)

Effects of Cryoprotectants and Post-storage Priming on Seed Germination of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica

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