Longitudinal annoyance responses to a road traffic noise management strategy that reduced heavy vehicles at night

Brown, A L

doi:10.1121/1.4904517

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There is only one study in this group [ 17 ] in which the exposure–response function, or the test of a change effect, was adjusted for confounding (noise sensitivity, neighbourhood quality, and association with the trucking industry). In most of the other studies the influence of confounders and potential moderators was analysed in a univariate manner or presented in exposure–response curves per subgroup.…”

Section: Results For Road Traffic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many intervention studies use a before and after design, there is generally insufficient consideration that the change in human response to a step change in exposure may have a different time course to that of the change in exposure. A protocol is required for the conduct of future intervention studies that provides longitudinal assessment of both exposure and human response, and Brown [ 17 ] reported a design that is suitable (included below as Table 20 ). With a change in noise exposure over the interval between t 0 and t 1 , sequential measurements of effect should be made before and after the change, preferably with multiple after measurements (A −1 , A 0 , A 1 , A 2 , … A x ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… We note that the noise exposure metrics reported in the individual studies reviewed did not include a metric that dealt specifically with noise events in transport noise time histories. One exception is the study ( Table 20 ) by Brown (2015) [ 17 ]. Participants in that study responded to a noise intervention that focused on a change in the number of noise events, even though there was no change in energy-based noise metrics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review of Transport Noise Interventions and Their Impacts on Health

Brown

Kamp

2017

IJERPH

129

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This paper describes a systematic review (1980–2014) of evidence on effects of transport noise interventions on human health. The sources are road traffic, railways, and air traffic. Health outcomes include sleep disturbance, annoyance, cognitive impairment of children and cardiovascular diseases. A conceptual framework to classify noise interventions and health effects was developed. Evidence was thinly spread across source types, outcomes, and intervention types. Further, diverse intervention study designs, methods of analyses, exposure levels, and changes in exposure do not allow a meta-analysis of the association between changes in noise level and health outcomes, and risk of bias in most studies was high. However, 43 individual transport noise intervention studies were examined (33 road traffic; 7 air traffic; 3 rail) as to whether the intervention was associated with a change in health outcome. Results showed that many of the interventions were associated with changes in health outcomes irrespective of the source type, the outcome or intervention type (source, path or infrastructure). For road traffic sources and the annoyance outcome, the expected effect-size can be estimated from an appropriate exposure–response function, though the change in annoyance in most studies was larger than could be expected based on noise level change.

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Section: Results For Road Traffic Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review of Transport Noise Interventions and Their Impacts on Health

Brown

Kamp

2017

IJERPH

129

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“…As such, they constitute the predominant indicators used in policy and management (see, for example, the Environmental Noise Directive of the European Commission [2]). However, energy equivalent noise descriptors say very little about the pattern of fluctuations of noise levels over time, yet it may be this temporal pattern that is of particular interest with respect to specific dimensions of human health effects that arise from road traffic noise [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A road traffic noise pattern simulation model that includes distributions of vehicle sound power levels

Coensel¹,

Brown²,

Tomerini³

2016

Applied Acoustics

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Annoyance, sleep disturbance and other health effects of road traffic noise exposure may be related to both level and number of noise events caused by traffic, not just to energy equivalent measures of exposure. Dynamic traffic noise prediction models that include instantaneous vehicle noise emissions can be used to estimate either of these measures. However, current state-of-the-art vehicle noise emission models typically consider a single emission law for each vehicle category, whereas measurements show that the variation in noise emission between vehicles within the same category can be considerable. It is essential that the influence of vehicles that are producing significantly more (or less) noise than the average vehicle are taken into account in modelling in order to correctly predict the levels and frequency of occurrence of road traffic noise events, and in particular to calculate indicators that characterize these noise events. Here, an approach for predicting instantaneous sound levels caused by road traffic is presented, which takes into account measured distributions of sound power levels produced by individual vehicles. For the setting of a receiver adjacent to a dual-lane road carrying free flow traffic, the effect of this approach on estimated percentile levels and sound event indicators is investigated. • The software is freely available as a Python plugin to the Aimsun microscopic traffic simulator.• Simulations show that this refined approach affects estimated percentile sound levels by up to 4 dB.• The influence of the approach on indicators for the number of noise events is illustrated.

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“…This means that respondents in Hong Kong at higher storeys may experience a reduced “noise climate”, with maximum levels from traffic emerging less above the background traffic levels than would respondents experiencing the same L den at lower floors, or as would tend to be experienced in a low-rise city. Noise events may thus be less noticeable in this situation, and there are indications that sleep disturbance from road traffic noise, and perhaps annoyance [56], may depend on the number of noise events experienced. While Floor Level of the respondent’s apartment was not a significant variable in the logistic regression analysis, differences in the noise climate experienced at different building elevations should be investigated in future studies of exposure-response in high-rise cities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of the exposure and effects of road traffic noise in a dense Asian city: a comparison with western cities

2015

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BackgroundParticularly in Asia, dense, traffic-intense, and usually high-rise cities are increasingly the norm. Is existing knowledge on exposure to road traffic noise, and on people’s response to such exposure, garnered primarily from western cities, equally applicable in these?MethodsHong Kong has high population and traffic density and a high-rise building form. Road traffic noise exposure was estimated, and residents’ responses to traffic noise measured, for a sample of 10,077 dwellings. Noise level estimates were based on three-dimensional modelling. Best international survey practice measured self-reported annoyance and sleep-disturbance. Benchmark estimates of exposure, and of annoyance and self-reported sleep disturbance, are provided. We compare Hong Kong exposure with those of European cities, and the exposure-response relationship for annoyance in Hong Kong to those reported from elsewhere - based on the tolerance limits of previous syntheses. Exposure-response for self-reported sleep disturbance is also compared.ResultsThe distribution of exposures of dwellings in high-rise, high-density, Hong Kong is different from those reported from Europe, but not at the higher noise levels. The exposure-annoyance relationship for road traffic noise was from the same population of exposure-response relationships, being well within the tolerance limits, of studies used to generate the synthesized Miedema and Oudshoorn curves. The exposure-response curve for self-reported sleep disturbance was parallel to that of Miedema and Vos but slightly lower.ConclusionsThe proportion of the Hong Kong population exposed to high levels (>70 dB) is similar to that found in Europe. However, a much higher proportion, compared to European cities, is exposed to Lden levels of 60–64 dB, and a much lower proportion to lower levels (<55 dB). There is no evidence that the exposure-response relationships for annoyance and self-reported sleep disturbance in Hong Kong are different from relationships synthesized from earlier studies - despite the western bias and temperate-climate bias in the studies available in the syntheses. This is an important finding for urban planning and traffic noise management of the growing mega-cities in the world whose built forms can be expected to reflect that of Hong Kong more than of cities in the west.

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Longitudinal annoyance responses to a road traffic noise management strategy that reduced heavy vehicles at night

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review of Transport Noise Interventions and Their Impacts on Health

WHO Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region: A Systematic Review of Transport Noise Interventions and Their Impacts on Health

A road traffic noise pattern simulation model that includes distributions of vehicle sound power levels

Quantification of the exposure and effects of road traffic noise in a dense Asian city: a comparison with western cities

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