Longitudinal association between cognitive performance and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and unaffected siblings

Schirmbeck, Frederike; Swets, Marije; Meijer, Carin J.; Zink, Mathias; Haan, Lieuwe de

doi:10.1111/acps.12558

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The longitudinal results partly stand in line with results of previous analyses from the GROUP data, comparing OCS status groups and the course of PANSS and GAF scores [ 38 ] as well as cognitive functioning over the 3 year assessment period [ 37 ]. In all three studies at baseline, the group which was going to develop OCS at follow-up—the OCS de novo group—already showed more impairment than the no-OCS group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…To study the course of OCS and its relationship with the course of motor symptoms both OCS and motor symptoms were categorized into four groups as was done in our previous analyses [ 37 , 38 ]: (1) a no symptom group, (2) a remission group, showing symptoms at baseline assessment only, (3) a de novo group, showing symptoms at follow-up, but not at baseline and (4) a persistent group, showing symptoms at both assessments. Subsequently, the relationship between those groups and motor symptoms was analyzed (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A strong and persistent association between OCS and specific other characteristics in patients and their siblings would support the hypothesis that the combination of schizophrenia and OCS forms a distinct subtype [ 7 ]. Like neurocognition [ 37 ] or severity of psychotic symptoms [ 10 ], one of the characteristics of interest in research concerning OCS comorbidity in psychosis concerns motor symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal association between motor and obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings

Swets

Schirmbeck²,

Dekker

et al. 2018

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Little is known about the co-prevalence of obsessive compulsive symptoms (OCS) and motor symptoms in patients with psychotic disorders. Cross-sectional associations between OCS and motor symptoms were assessed at baseline and at 3 years follow-up in patients (n = 726) with psychotic disorders and in their unaffected siblings (n = 761) from the Dutch Genetic Risk and Outcome of Psychosis (GROUP) study. Furthermore, longitudinal associations between changes in OCS and motor symptoms were evaluated. At baseline, OCS was not associated with any motor symptom (akathisia, dyskinesia, parkinsonism or dystonia) in patients. At follow-up, patients with OCS reported significantly more akathisia. Dividing the patients into four groups-no OCS, OCS remission with OCS only at baseline, OCS de novo with OCS only at follow-up and a persistent OCS group-revealed that the OCS de novo group already reported more akathisia at baseline compared to the no-OCS group. At follow-up, both the OCS de novo and the persistent OCS group reported more akathisia. These results remained significant after correcting for relevant confounders clozapine, GAF score, PANSS-negative score and IQ. Motor symptoms at baseline were significantly associated with OCS at follow-up, but not the other way around. In siblings, OCS at baseline was associated with akathisia, but this association was lost at follow-up. Results suggest that motor symptoms might precede co-occurring OCS in patients with psychotic disorders. However, no inference can be made about causality, and further prospective research is needed to investigate this assumption.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Longitudinal association between motor and obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings

Swets

Schirmbeck²,

Dekker

et al. 2018

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It is still debated whether cognitive impairment associated to comorbid OCS in schizophrenia precedes the onset of OCS (Poyurovsky et al, 2012) or, alternatively, it represents their consequence (Moritz et al, 2012;Schirmbeck et al, 2016). Our finding of a dependency of PS on OCS severity would support the view that additional cognitive deficits related to OCS comorbidity may have a "state" component.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

The “Obsessive Paradox”

Tonna¹,

Ottoni

Pellegrini

et al. 2019

J Nerv Ment Dis

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The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive functions and obsessive-compulsive dimension in schizophrenia and a possible moderating effect of schizophrenia symptom dimensions on this association. Sixty-one schizophrenia patients were administered the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), and the Matrics Consensus Cognitive Battery. A U-shaped curve described a gradual transition from an inverse association to a positive relationship between YBOCS and processing speed scores, along a severity gradient of obsessive dimension. This effect ("the obsessive paradox") was not moderated by other symptom dimensions. The present study suggests that severe obsessive-compulsive symptoms may participate to counterbalance processing speed impairment independently from other symptom dimensions. These results highlight the complexity of the relationship between cognitive and obsessive dimensions in schizophrenia.

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“…In cases, where authors provided us with full data sets of correlational or unpublished data, we used a YBOCS score of 8 as the cut-off to define the comorbid (OCS +) group, since this was a commonly used cut-off value in the references we included [32][33][34][35][36]. Analyses were restricted to the per study level,for instance, reported subgroups based on disease duration were combined into one OCS + and one OCS− group [37].…”

Section: Data Synthesis and Statistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of cognitive functioning in patients with psychotic disorders and obsessive–compulsive symptoms

Dijkstra

Vermeulen

Haan

et al. 2020

Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

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Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in psychotic disorders are associated with unfavorable outcomes, whether this extends to cognitive function remains unclear. We conducted meta-analyses on several cognitive domains to investigate overall group differences between patients with a psychotic disorder and co-occurring OCS (OCS +) and those without OCS (OCS−). We used meta-regression to assess possible confounding effects. No overall associations between OCS + and OCS− in any of the 17 investigated cognitive domains were found. We predominantly found large heterogeneity in effect size and direction among studies. Post-hoc analyses of processing speed tasks not purely based on reaction-time showed worse performance in the OCS + group with a small effect size (SMD = − 0.190; p = 0.029). Meta-regression revealed advanced age was significantly correlated with worse performance of the OCS + group in processing speed (R 2 = 0.7), working memory (R 2 = 0.11), cognitive inhibition (R 2 = 0.59), and cognitive flexibility (R 2 = 0.34). Patients fulfilling the criteria for an obsessive-compulsive disorder showed less impairment in cognitive inhibition compared to the OCS + group (R 2 = 0.63). Overall, comorbid OCS were not associated with cognitive impairment. However, large heterogeneity between studies highlights the complex nature of factors influencing cognition in people with psychotic disorder and comorbid OCS and warrants further research into possible moderating factors.

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Longitudinal association between cognitive performance and obsessive–compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and unaffected siblings

Abstract: Although insight into causality needs further exploration, our results do not confirm the hypothesis of pre-existing cognitive risk constellations. Findings suggest that remission of comorbid OCS results in improved immediate verbal recall and processing speed.

Cited by 11 publications

References 48 publications

Longitudinal association between motor and obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings

Longitudinal association between motor and obsessive compulsive symptoms in patients with psychosis and their unaffected siblings

The “Obsessive Paradox”

Meta-analysis of cognitive functioning in patients with psychotic disorders and obsessive–compulsive symptoms

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