Longitudinal association of remnant cholesterol with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression beyond LDL cholesterol

Abstract

Background Arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis are closely related with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Remnant cholesterol (RC) could predict CVD. However, its effect on joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association of RC with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression trajectories in the general population. Methods This study collected data across five biennial surveys of the Beijing Health Management Cohort from 2010 to 2019. Multi-trajectory model was used to determine the joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression patterns by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI). We also performed discordance analyses for RC vs. low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) using ordinal logistics model. Results A total of 3186 participants were included, with three clusters following distinct arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression patterns identified using a multi-trajectory model. In the multivariable-adjusted ordinal logistics analyses, RC was significantly associated with baPWV and ABI progression (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.13–1.28, per 10 mg/dL). For the discordance analyses, the discordant low RC group was associated with decreased risk compared to the concordant group (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60–0.89). People with a high RC level were at an increased risk of joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression, even with optimal LDL-C. Conclusions RC is independently associated with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression beyond LDL-C. RC could be an earlier risk factor than LDL-C of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis in the general population.

Long-term prognostic implications of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

“…Previous studies have consistently reported that PWV is closely influenced by major risk factors for CV events, including abnormal lipid phenotype, insulin resistance, and blood pressure. Our study also showed that patients with high PWV had more traditional CV risk factors and comorbidities than those with low PWV ( 26 , 34 , 35 ). Second, arterial stiffness is associated with endothelial dysfunction, platelet activation, and plaque vulnerability; the latter are significantly associated with the development and prognosis of CAD ( 36 , 37 ).…”

Cholesterol and Triglycerides on Cardiovascular : A Literature Review

“…Based on the research results, it can be concluded that: dyslipidemia is a predictor of KKM in AMI patients during hospital treatment (Aswania and Yasmin, 2020) . Wu et al , (2023), This longitudinal study shows that RC is an early risk factor for the development of joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis independent of LDL-C in the general population, providing new evidence of the need for RC monitoring to improve cardiovascular health. RC may serve as a target for the prevention and intervention of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis, even in people with optimal LDL-C levels (Wu et al , 2023) .…”

Association between six different types of anthropometric indices and arterial stiffness measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in hypertensive Chinese adults

“…Ji et al [ 70 ] also found that baPWV was correlated with WHR and visceral fat area, but not with BMI and waist circumference in eastern Asian populations. Remnant cholesterol was independently associated with joint arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis progression measured by baPWV beyond LDL-C [ 71 ]. As body fat is closely related with lipids, we hold opinion that lipids had the potential mediating effects at the relationship between waist-related indices and baPWV.…”