Longitudinal associations between executive function impairments and suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder: A 1-year follow-up study

Riera-Serra, Pau; Gili, Margalida; Navarra-Ventura, Guillem; Amo, Antonio Riera-López del; Moreno, Juan José Montaño; Coronado-Simsic, Victoria; Castro, Adoración; Roca, Miquel

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115235

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In particular, the RBANS test used in this study assessed language performance during a verbal fluency task, which is known to be influenced by executive functions [114,115]. Therefore, our findings may be read in the context of a more general association between suicidality and executive dysfunction [35][36][37][38][39][40]. Another cognitive domain that appears to be altered in depressed suicide attempters is attention [33,116].…”

Section: Suicidal Behaviour Without Suicide Ideationmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…To date, research has identified several features of depressive disorders that may increase the risk of suicide: age of onset and course [16]; specific symptoms such as hopelessness [17,18], irritable mood [19,20], alexithymia [21][22][23], and insomnia [24,25]; underlying bipolarity [26,27]; history of childhood abuse and violence [28][29][30]; and comorbid mental disorders [31]. In addition, there are emerging cognitive [32][33][34][35][36], neurological [37][38][39], and metabolic [40][41][42][43][44] risk factors. We hypothesize that a relevant number of patients who do not report SI at the index episode may nevertheless have a lifetime history of SB.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neurological, Metabolic, and Psychopathological Correlates of Lifetime Suicidal Behaviour in Major Depressive Disorder without Current Suicide Ideation

Olgiati,

Pecorino,

Serretti

2024

Neuropsychobiology

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Introduction: Suicidal behaviour (SB) has a complex aetiology. Although suicidal ideation (SI) is considered the most important risk factor for future attempts, many people who engage in SB do not report it. Methods: We investigated neurological, metabolic, and psychopathological correlates of lifetime SB in two independent groups of patients with major depression (sample 1: n = 230; age: 18–65 years; sample 2: n = 258; age >60 years) who did not report SI during an index episode. Results: Among adults (sample 1), SB was reported by 141 subjects (58.7%) and severe SB by 33 (15%). After controlling for interactions, four risk factors for SB emerged: male gender (OR 2.55; 95% CI: 1.06–6.12), negative self-perception (OR 1.76; 95% CI: 1.08–2.87), subthreshold hypomania (OR 4.50; 95% CI: 1.57–12.85), and sexual abuse (OR 3.09; 95% CI: 1.28–7.48). The presence of at least two of these factors had the best accuracy in predicting SB: sensitivity = 57.6% (39.2–74.5); specificity = 75.1% (68.5–82.0); PPV = 27.9% (20.9–37.2); NPV = 91.4% (87.6–94.1). In older patients (sample 2), 23 subjects (9%) reported previous suicide attempts, which were characterized by earlier onset (25 years: OR 0.95: 0.92–0.98), impaired verbal performance (verbal fluency: OR 0.95: 0.89–0.99), higher HDL cholesterol levels (OR 1.04: 1.00–1.07) and more dyskinesias (OR 2.86: 1.22–6.70). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that SB is common in major depressive disorder, even when SI is not reported. In these individuals it is feasible and recommended to investigate both psychiatric and organic risk factors. The predictive power of models excluding SI is comparable to that of models including SI.

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Section: Suicidal Behaviour Without Suicide Ideationmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological, Metabolic, and Psychopathological Correlates of Lifetime Suicidal Behaviour in Major Depressive Disorder without Current Suicide Ideation

Olgiati,

Pecorino,

Serretti

2024

Neuropsychobiology

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“…Several factors contribute to suicidality in frail individuals, including mood disorders, previous suicide attempts, poor physical health, social isolation, and social problems [335]. In the context of depression, there are aspects that are been involved in suicidal ideation, including inflexibility in thinking, rumination, impulsivity, and impairments in cognitive control, and thereby, difficulties in regulating actions and thoughts [335,355]. Furthermore, there are other impairments, like loss of independence, reduced functional capacity, and a diminished sense of utility, value, status, and enjoyment of life that can be significant contributors to suicide risk [335].…”

Section: Frailty and Suicidementioning

confidence: 99%

To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question—A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty

Sciacchitano,

Carola,

Nicolais

et al. 2024

JCM

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Many factors have contributed to rendering frailty an emerging, relevant, and very popular concept. First, many pandemics that have affected humanity in history, including COVID-19, most recently, have had more severe effects on frail people compared to non-frail ones. Second, the increase in human life expectancy observed in many developed countries, including Italy has led to a rise in the percentage of the older population that is more likely to be frail, which is why frailty is much a more common concern among geriatricians compared to other the various health-care professionals. Third, the stratification of people according to the occurrence and the degree of frailty allows healthcare decision makers to adequately plan for the allocation of available human professional and economic resources. Since frailty is considered to be fully preventable, there are relevant consequences in terms of potential benefits both in terms of the clinical outcome and healthcare costs. Frailty is becoming a popular, pervasive, and almost omnipresent concept in many different contexts, including clinical medicine, physical health, lifestyle behavior, mental health, health policy, and socio-economic planning sciences. The emergence of the new “science of frailty” has been recently acknowledged. However, there is still debate on the exact definition of frailty, the pathogenic mechanisms involved, the most appropriate method to assess frailty, and consequently, who should be considered frail. This narrative review aims to analyze frailty from many different aspects and points of view, with a special focus on the proposed pathogenic mechanisms, the various factors that have been considered in the assessment of frailty, and the emerging role of biomarkers in the early recognition of frailty, particularly on the role of mitochondria. According to the extensive literature on this topic, it is clear that frailty is a very complex syndrome, involving many different domains and affecting multiple physiological systems. Therefore, its management should be directed towards a comprehensive and multifaceted holistic approach and a personalized intervention strategy to slow down its progression or even to completely reverse the course of this condition.

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Change in Cognitive Function over the Course of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Ahern,

White,

Slattery

2024

Neuropsychol Rev

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Longitudinal associations between executive function impairments and suicide risk in patients with major depressive disorder: A 1-year follow-up study

Cited by 8 publications

References 59 publications

Neurological, Metabolic, and Psychopathological Correlates of Lifetime Suicidal Behaviour in Major Depressive Disorder without Current Suicide Ideation

Neurological, Metabolic, and Psychopathological Correlates of Lifetime Suicidal Behaviour in Major Depressive Disorder without Current Suicide Ideation

To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question—A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty

Change in Cognitive Function over the Course of Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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