Longitudinal body weight and sputum conversion in patients with tuberculosis, Southwest Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

Filate, Mersha; Mehari, Zelalem; Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019076

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The odds of getting weight for patients who have no HIV/AIDS were 3.3 times as compared to HIV positives. This finding is in line with studies conducted in Jimma and Tanzania revealed HIV status has a significant association with weight gain [15,18]. This could be due to the effect of HIV/AIDS on immunity as well the effect of pill burden for drug [13], this could be due to awareness variations and special care given for HIV/AIDS patients in Addis Ababa.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…This could be due to the effect of HIV/AIDS on immunity as well the effect of pill burden for drug [13], this could be due to awareness variations and special care given for HIV/AIDS patients in Addis Ababa. The odds of weight gain for patients who have not any parasitic disease during treatment is 3 times as compared to those who were having parasitic disease, and the finding is in line with studies conducted in Jimma and Tanzania revealed patients who have not any intestinal parasite were getting weight as compared to their counterpart [15,18]. This could be due to the effect of intestinal parasites on nutrition as well the effect of pill burden for drug compliance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Weight gain is increments of weight by ≥5% from the start of treatment after TB treatment started during the intensive phase [8,14,15].…”

Section: Operational Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of Weight Gain among Adult Tuberculosis Patients during Intensive Phase in Debre Markos Town Public Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Meselu

Demelie

Shedie

2022

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment

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Background. Ethiopia is one of the highest tuberculosis burden countries globally, and tuberculosis is one of the most pressing health problems nationally. Weight gain during treatment is the main indicator of good treatment outcome, but there is no adequate information regarding the factors that affect weight gain in Ethiopia. Objective. The objective of this study was to identify determinants of weight gain among adult tuberculosis patients during the intensive phase, in Debre Markos town public health institutions Northwest Ethiopia, 2020. Methods. Unmatched case-control study was conducted in Debre Markos town public health facilities with a total sample size of 236. Cases (clients who got weight) and controls (clients who did not get weight) were enrolled in the study consecutively, and data were collected using standardized questionnaires. Data were entered through Epi-Data version 4.2 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariable analysis was done, and all independent variables that had p < 0.25 were entered into multivariable binary logistic regression analysis. Finally, independent variables which were significantly associated with weight gain at p < 0.05 were considered determinant factors of weight gain. Result. Pulmonary tuberculosis (AOR: 5 (95% CI: 2.3, 11.2)), monitoring by health professionals (AOR: 3.7 (1.6, 8.4)), ≥18.5 baseline body mass index (AOR: 3.4 (95% CI: 1.6, 7.3)), parasitic disease (AOR: 3.2 (95% CI: 1.3, 7.99)), <30 days duration of illness before start of treatment (AOR: 2.8 (95% CI: 1.2, 6.1)), and human immune virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AOR: 3.3 (95% CI: 1.2, 9.1)) were independently associated with weight gain compared to their counterpart. Conclusion. Type of tuberculosis, monitoring by health professionals, baseline status, parasitic disease, duration of illness before start of treatment, and human immune virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome were with the determinants of weight gain. Therefore, early detection, support and supervision, and attention for comorbidity are mandatory during antituberculosis treatment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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Determinants of Weight Gain among Adult Tuberculosis Patients during Intensive Phase in Debre Markos Town Public Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Meselu

Demelie

Shedie

2022

Tuberculosis Research and Treatment

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“…The importance of increasing body weight in TB patients through proper nutrition to improve their physical health and treatment outcomes has been widely recognized [36][37][38][39]. This study confirms that patients who had a baseline weight of over 53kg or gained at least 3kg of body weight during treatment achieved successful outcomes, consistent with findings from Peru and Ethiopia [39,40].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Determinants of treatment success among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Ghana: A prospective cohort study

Djochie,

Anto,

Aduele Opare-Addo

2023

Preprint

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BackgroundAchieving optimal rates of success in tuberculosis treatment is vital not just for the individual patient’s well-being but also for preventing the rise of drug-resistant tuberculosis strains. Unfavourable treatment outcomes pose significant challenges for healthcare systems worldwide. Identifying the factors that determine treatment success is crucial for implementing effective interventions that enhance treatment outcomes and contribute to the eradication of the disease. As a result, this study aimed to assess tuberculosis treatment outcomes and identify factors associated with treatment success.MethodsPatients diagnosed with active tuberculosis were closely monitored from the start of their treatment until its completion from January 2021 to June 2022. A data collection tool, developed using Redcap and aligned with the study objectives, was utilized to gather demographic information, and adverse reactions to antitubercular medicines and track the treatment outcomes of the participants. The participants’ quality of life was assessed using the Short-form 12 version 2 questionnaire at baseline, as well as at the end of the second and sixth months. Logistic regression was employed to evaluate the association between various participant characteristics and treatment success, with odds ratios used to quantify the strength of the associations.ResultsAmong 378 participants, 77.3% had successful TB treatment, while 13.5% were lost to follow-up, 0.5% experienced treatment failure, and 8.7% died. Factors influencing treatment success included initial body weight, weight gain during treatment, HIV status, drug adverse reactions, and mental well-being at the beginning of treatment. Multivariate analysis showed that gaining at least 3kg during treatment and having no risk of depression at the beginning significantly increased the likelihood of successful treatment.ConclusionPatients with tuberculosis who experience compromised physical and mental health-related quality of life, encounter adverse reactions to antitubercular drugs and have concurrent HIV infection should receive close monitoring and personalized interventions to improve their chances of treatment success.

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“…Anaemia and weight loss are prognostic of delayed sputum conversion and mortality in TB disease and the association with CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia may be indicative of severe TB disease. [28][29][30][31] Therefore, CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia is likely to have prognostic importance even among HIVnegative TB patients. 32 In support of this, baseline levels of some subsets of CD4+ T-lymphocytes have been shown to predict TB culture conversion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Prevalence and Predictors of CD4+ T-Lymphocytopenia Among HIV-Negative Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda</p>

Baluku¹,

Musaazi²,

Mulwana³

et al. 2020

RRTM

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Purpose: CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia is a risk for tuberculosis (TB) infection, reactivation and severe disease. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of CD4 T-lymphocytopenia among HIV-negative patients with bacteriologically confirmed TB in Uganda. Patients and Methods: Eligible participants were adult HIV-negative patients with bacteriologically confirmed TB at the National TB Treatment Centre in Uganda. CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts were determined by flow cytometry. We defined CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia as a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of <418 cells/mm 3 as per the population estimate for Ugandans. We performed logistic regression analysis to determine predictors of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia. Results: We enrolled 216 participants whose mean age (standard deviation (±SD)) was 32.5 (±12.1) years, of whom 146 (67.6%) were males. The prevalence of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia was 25% (54/216) (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.6-31.2%). Patients with anaemia (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 3.83, 95% CI: 1.59-9.23, p = 0.003), weight loss (aOR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.07-12.23, p = 0.039) and a low CD8+ T-cell count (aOR: 6.10, 95% CI: 2.68-13.89, p < 0.001) were more likely to have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia while those with monocytosis (aOR: 0.35, 95% CI: 0.14-0.89, p = 0.028) were less likely to have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia. Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia among HIVnegative TB patients. Patients with weight loss, anaemia and a low CD8+ count were more likely to have CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia while those with monocytosis were less likely to have CD4+ lymphocytopenia. The findings suggest that CD4+ lymphocytopenia is indicative of severe disease and globally impaired cell-mediated immune responses against TB.

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Longitudinal body weight and sputum conversion in patients with tuberculosis, Southwest Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study

Cited by 8 publications

References 27 publications

Determinants of Weight Gain among Adult Tuberculosis Patients during Intensive Phase in Debre Markos Town Public Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Determinants of Weight Gain among Adult Tuberculosis Patients during Intensive Phase in Debre Markos Town Public Health Facilities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2020: Unmatched Case-Control Study

Determinants of treatment success among drug-susceptible tuberculosis patients in Ghana: A prospective cohort study

<p>Prevalence and Predictors of CD4+ T-Lymphocytopenia Among HIV-Negative Tuberculosis Patients in Uganda</p>

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