Longitudinal causal effect of modified creatinine index on all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: Accounting for time-varying confounders using G-estimation

Aryaie, Mohammad; Sharifi, Hamid; Saber, Azadeh; Salehi, Farzaneh; Etminan, Mahyar; Nazemipour, Maryam; Mansournia, Mohammad Ali

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0272212

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

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“…This difference depends on the severity of kidney damage (Iseki et al, 1997;Nugent et al, 2021). Generally, serum creatinine levels experience a significant increase when it is at the stage of end-stage renal disease (Aryaie et al, 2022;Cohen et al, 2019). In the group of rats that controlled their blood glucose using metformin, there appeared to be a significant difference in their urine creatinine levels compared to the diabetes group.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephroprotective effect of milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oil by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Sasongko,

Endro Nugroho,

Nurrochmad

et al. 2023

Indonesian J Pharm

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Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has been linked to a number of long-term problems caused by diabetes mellitus. Inflammatory and oxidative stress pathways contribute to DN development and progression. Many studies have shown the preventive advantages of diets rich in substances like anti-inflammatory and antioxidant elements like omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) in preventing DN. Milkfish (Chanos chanos F.), patin (Pangasius micronema Blkr.), and snakehead fish (Chana striata Bloch) are types of fish oils that are known to contain n-3 FA. This study aims to prove the nephroprotective effect of the three types of fish oil in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Thirty male rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into six groups (n = 5): the non-diabetic group, the diabetes mellitus group, the diabetic with 150 mg/kg metformin orally group, the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg milkfish oil orally group, the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg patin fish oil orally group, and the diabetic with 1000 mg/kg snakehead fish oil orally group. Diabetes models were induced using 65 mg/kg streptozotocin and 230 mg/kg nicotinamide intraperitoneally. The test was carried out for 8 weeks, followed by the observation of the biochemical profiles of blood, urine, oxidative stress, and the immunohistochemistry of the kidneys. A normally and homogeneously distributed test followed by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the LSD post hoc test were used to look at the data. At p≤0.05, the data was considered statistically significant. The results showed that serum creatinine levels did not differ significantly after the administration of milkfish, catfish, and snakehead fish oil for 8 weeks (p≥0.05). Different results were shown where the levels of serum BUN, uric acid, urine urea, and microalbumin urine were significantly different after administration of the three types of fish oil (p≤0.05). The same results were shown in oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde) and inflammation (interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α) profiles (p≤0.05). The conclusion is that milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oils have moderate nephroprotection by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nephroprotective effect of milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oil by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Sasongko,

Endro Nugroho,

Nurrochmad

et al. 2023

Indonesian J Pharm

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Comparison of outcomes between off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery using collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimation

Adineh,

Hoseini,

Zareban

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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There are some discrepancies about the superiority of the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery over the conventional cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump). The aim of this study was estimating risk ratio of mortality in the off-pump coronary bypass compared with the on-pump using a causal model known as collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimation (C-TMLE). The data of the Tehran Heart Cohort study from 2007 to 2020 was used. A collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimation and targeted maximum likelihood estimation, and propensity score (PS) adjustment methods were used to estimate causal risk ratio adjusting for the minimum sufficient set of confounders, and the results were compared. Among 24,883 participants (73.6% male), 5566 patients died during an average of 8.2 years of follow-up. The risk ratio estimates (95% confidence intervals) by unadjusted log-binomial regression model, PS adjustment, TMLE, and C-TMLE methods were 0.86 (0.78–0.95), 0.88 (0.80–0.97), 0.88 (0.80–0.97), and 0.87(0.85–0.89), respectively. This study provides evidence for a protective effect of off-pump surgery on mortality risk for up to 8 years in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

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The effect of smoking on latent hazard classes of metabolic syndrome using latent class causal analysis method in the Iranian population

Khodamoradi,

Nazemipour,

Mansournia

et al. 2023

BMC Public Health

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Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing worldwide. Clinical guidelines consider metabolic syndrome as an all or none medical condition. One proposed method for classifying metabolic syndrome is latent class analysis (LCA). One approach to causal inference in LCA is using propensity score (PS) methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the causal effect of smoking on latent hazard classes of metabolic syndrome using the method of latent class causal analysis. Methods In this study, we used data from the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Cohort Study (TLGS). 4857 participants aged over 20 years with complete information on exposure (smoking) and confounders in the third phase (2005–2008) were included. Metabolic syndrome was evaluated as outcome and latent variable in LCA in the data of the fifth phase (2014–2015). The step-by-step procedure for conducting causal inference in LCA included: (1) PS estimation and evaluation of overlap, (2) calculation of inverse probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW), (3) PS matching, (4) evaluating balance of confounding variables between exposure groups, and (5) conducting LCA using the weighted or matched data set. Results Based on the results of IPTW which compared the low, medium and high risk classes of metabolic syndrome (compared to a class without metabolic syndrome), no association was found between smoking and the metabolic syndrome latent classes. PS matching which compared low and moderate risk classes compared to class without metabolic syndrome, showed that smoking increases the probability of being in the low-risk class of metabolic syndrome (OR: 2.19; 95% CI: 1.32, 3.63). In the unadjusted analysis, smoking increased the chances of being in the low-risk (OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.08) and moderate-risk (OR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.18, 2.40) classes of metabolic syndrome compared to the class without metabolic syndrome. Conclusions Based on the results, the causal effect of smoking on latent hazard classes of metabolic syndrome can be different based on the type of PS method. In adjusted analysis, no relationship was observed between smoking and moderate-risk and high-risk classes of metabolic syndrome.

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Longitudinal causal effect of modified creatinine index on all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease: Accounting for time-varying confounders using G-estimation

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Nephroprotective effect of milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oil by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Nephroprotective effect of milkfish, patin, and snakehead fish oil by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

Comparison of outcomes between off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery using collaborative targeted maximum likelihood estimation

The effect of smoking on latent hazard classes of metabolic syndrome using latent class causal analysis method in the Iranian population

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