Longitudinal changes in the mineral content of human milk

Vaughan, Linda A.; Weber, C. W.; Kemberling, Sidney R.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/32.11.2301

Cited by 179 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Iron intakes of our study participants were observed to be less than their requirements; however, it was not found to be related to the breast milk concentration. Their breast milk iron concentration was found to be similar to values for American lactating mothers with higher iron intakes; 0.42 mg/L and 47.1 mg/d among women at 7 to 9 mo postpartum, while 0.38 mg/L and 40.8 mg/d among women at 10 to 12 mo postpartum, respectively (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Nutritional Status of Lactating Mothers and Their Breast Milk Concentration of Iron, Zinc and Copper in Rural Vietnam

Nakamori

Ninh²,

Isomura³

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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Summary Breast milk is considered to be the best nutrient source for infants. However, nutritional compositions of breast milk in developing countries, especially among malnourished women, have not been fully investigated. This study aimed to assess nutritional status and nutrient composition of breast milk in lactating mothers in rural Vietnam. Sixty breastfeeding mothers at 6 to 12 mo postpartum, free from any medical disorder and/or medication, and not pregnant were randomly selected in Yen The, Bac Giang, Vietnam. Their nutritional status, breast milk concentration and dietary intakes were assessed. Among the study participants, anemia (39.0%) and low serum zinc concentration (55.4%) were frequently observed. Dietary assessment revealed lower intakes of iron (10.2 Ϯ 2.5 mg/d) and zinc (10.4 Ϯ 2.2 mg/d) than estimated requirements. The breast milk concentration of iron, zinc and copper was 0.43 Ϯ 0.15 mg/L, 0.56 (0.37, 0.82) mg/L and 0.19 Ϯ 0.05 mg/L, respectively. The breast milk concentration of iron, zinc and copper was not correlated to the serum concentration or dietary intakes. In conclusion, we uncovered a high prevalence of anemia and zinc deficiency in lactating mothers in rural Vietnam. The findings demonstrate a low breast milk zinc concentration among the participants, but need further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Nutritional Status of Lactating Mothers and Their Breast Milk Concentration of Iron, Zinc and Copper in Rural Vietnam

Nakamori

Ninh²,

Isomura³

et al. 2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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“…Human milk is generally low in Mn content (1.8-27.5 μg/L); however, Mn concentrations in infant formulas can vary dramatically (33-300 μg/L) (Keen and Zidenberg-Cherr, 1994;Murthy et al, 1971;Stastny et al, 1984;Vaughan et al, 1979). In human (and animal) milk Mn concentrations are associated with the stage of lactation Stastny et al, 1984;Vaughan et al, 1979;Krachler and Rossipal, 2000; Table 1).…”

Section: Milk and Infant Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In human (and animal) milk Mn concentrations are associated with the stage of lactation Stastny et al, 1984;Vaughan et al, 1979;Krachler and Rossipal, 2000; Table 1). For example Stastny and coworkers (1984) reported that mean (± SD) human milk Mn concentrations in the fourth week of lactation were 6.6 ± 4.7 μg/L and these levels were significantly higher than those collected during the 12 th week of lactation (3.5 ± 1.4 μg/L).…”

Section: Milk and Infant Formulasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese neurotoxicity: A focus on the neonate

Erikson

Thompson

Aschner

et al. 2007

Pharmacology & Therapeutics

224

141

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Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace metal found in all tissues, and it is required for normal amino acid, lipid, protein, and carbohydrate metabolism. While Mn deficiency is extremely rare in humans, toxicity due to overexposure of Mn is more prevalent. The brain appears to be especially vulnerable. Mn neurotoxicity is most commonly associated with occupational exposure to aerosols or dusts that contain extremely high levels (> 1-5 mg Mn/m 3 ) of Mn, consumption of contaminated well water, or parenteral nutrition therapy in patients with liver disease or immature hepatic functioning such as the neonate. This review will focus primarily on the neurotoxicity of Mn in the neonate. We will discuss putative transporters of the metal in the neonatal brain and then focus on the implications of high Mn exposure to the neonate focusing on typical exposure modes (e.g., dietary and parenteral). Although Mn exposure via parenteral nutrition is uncommon in adults, in premature infants, it is more prevalent, so this mode of exposure becomes salient in this population. We will briefly review some of the mechanisms of Mn neurotoxicity and conclude with a discussion of ripe areas for research in this underreported area of neurotoxicity.

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“…14,15 The age of the child is an important consideration in assessing the adequacy of complementary feeding practices. [16][17][18] Eruption of teeth influences when to introduce complementary feeding, but the process typically leads to a loss of appetite which affects food intake. Secondary analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys in Ethiopia conducted by Melkam et al 19 and in Nepal by Khana et al 20 indicated that as children grow older their diets typically become more diverse.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%