Longitudinal changes of lactopontin (milk osteopontin) in term and preterm human milk

Zhu, Jing; Yu, Xue; Bai, Shasha; Lai, Jianghua; Tong, Xiaomei; Xing, Yan

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.962802

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In alignment with previous literature, 29 milk from mothers who gave birth to preterm infants trended toward higher levels of osteopontin than milk from mothers delivering term infants (Figure 2). However, the preterm samples had a greater reduction in osteopontin concentration post-pasteurization (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of pasteurization on osteopontin levels in human breastmilk and pasteurized breastmilk products

McClanahan

Reese

Weitkemp

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Osteopontin (OPN) is an important breastmilk protein involved in infant intestinal, immunological, and brain development. However, little is known about how common milk pasteurization and storage techniques affect this important bioactive protein. Methods: Human milk osteopontin concentration was measured in single-donor fresh or frozen breastmilk, pooled Holder-pasteurized donor breastmilk, and a shelf-stable (retort pasteurized) breastmilk product by ELISA. Breastmilk samples were pasteurized and/or frozen before measuring osteopontin concentrations. Results: Holder pasteurization of breastmilk resulted in a around 50% decrease in osteopontin levels within single-donor samples, whereas pooled donor breastmilk had comparable osteopontin levels to non-pasteurized single-donor samples. Breastmilk from mothers of preterm infants trended toward higher osteopontin concentration than mothers of term infants; however, samples from preterm mothers experienced greater osteopontin degradation upon pasteurization. Finally, freezing breastmilk prior to Holder pasteurization resulted in less osteopontin degradation than Holder pasteurization prior to freezing. Conclusion: Commonly used breastmilk pasteurization and storage techniques, including freezing, Holder and retort pasteurization, decrease the levels of the bioactive protein osteopontin in human breastmilk.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of pasteurization on osteopontin levels in human breastmilk and pasteurized breastmilk products

McClanahan

Reese

Weitkemp

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…A large geographic difference in mean OPN levels was observed, ranging from 99.7 mg/L in Danish (average of 17.4 weeks postpartum) to 185.0 mg/L in Japanese (average of 9.1 weeks postpartum), 216.2 mg/L in Korean (average of 3.9 weeks postpartum) and 266.2 mg/L in Chinese mothers (average of 3.9 weeks postpartum) [42]. These levels are in accordance with recent studies that, via ELISA and UPLC-MS/MS, have determined milk OPN levels in Chinese mothers to be 300-350 mg/L (1-2 weeks postpartum) and 137.1 mg/L (third month of lactation), [43][44][45] and in Turkish and American mothers to be 178 mg/L (1 week postpartum) [46,47]. The levels of OPN in breast milk from the various studies are summarized in Table 1.…”

Section: Osteopontin In Human Milksupporting

confidence: 88%

“…For instance, OPN in milk from 12 mothers from California was measured during their first year of lactation, showing high levels in the first week (178.00 mg/L) followed by a gradual decrease in the second week (137.8 mg/mL), after which the levels further decreased to 65 mg/mL after 1 month and remained at approximately 50 mg/L for up to 12 months [47]. Likewise, OPN levels of more than 300 mg/L (1-14 days postpartum) and 100-200 mg/mL (between 4-7 months postpartum) have been reported in Chinese milk samples [43,45]. Downward longitudinal changes in human milk OPN have been observed in term and preterm milk; however, there have been indications of higher OPN levels in transitional and early mature preterm milk compared to term milk [45].…”

Section: Osteopontin In Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Likewise, OPN levels of more than 300 mg/L (1-14 days postpartum) and 100-200 mg/mL (between 4-7 months postpartum) have been reported in Chinese milk samples [43,45]. Downward longitudinal changes in human milk OPN have been observed in term and preterm milk; however, there have been indications of higher OPN levels in transitional and early mature preterm milk compared to term milk [45]. In contrast to this trend, a single study on 31 American mothers reported higher OPN levels in milk 2-10 weeks postpartum compared to colostrum [50].…”

Section: Osteopontin In Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The reason for the geographical differences in milk OPN levels is not clear, but it seems that the concentration of OPN decreases with infant age, which hampers the comparison of the determined levels [42,43,45,47,48]. For instance, OPN in milk from 12 mothers from California was measured during their first year of lactation, showing high levels in the first week (178.00 mg/L) followed by a gradual decrease in the second week (137.8 mg/mL), after which the levels further decreased to 65 mg/mL after 1 month and remained at approximately 50 mg/L for up to 12 months [47].…”

Section: Osteopontin In Human Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

Sørensen

Christensen

2023

Nutrients

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Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein found in all vertebrates. OPN is expressed in many different cell types, and is consequently found in most tissues and physiological secretions. OPN is involved in a multitude of biological processes, such as activation and regulation of the immune system; biomineralization; tissue-transformative processes, including growth and development of the gut and brain; interaction with bacteria; and many more. OPN is found in the highest concentrations in milk, where it is believed to initiate and regulate developmental, immunological and physiological processes in infants who consume milk. Processes for the isolation of bovine OPN for use in infant formula have been developed, and in recent years, many studies have investigated the effects of the intake of milk OPN. The purpose of this article is to review and compare existing knowledge about the structure and function of milk OPN, with a particular focus on the effects of milk OPN on human health and disease.

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The unrevealed links: periodontal health, human milk composition, and infant gut microbiome dynamics

Badewy,

Glogauer,

Connor

et al. 2024

Prim Health Care Res Dev

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Aim: This review aims to identify the mechanistic relationships related to periodontal diseases and its possible association with changes in human milk composition and the composition and function of infants’ gut microbiome. Background: Maternal health conditions, especially inflammatory, are associated with altered human milk composition. It is not known whether maternal oral inflammatory diseases, including periodontal diseases, deleteriously affect human milk composition. Methods: A narrative review was conducted according to SANRA, the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles, guidelines. PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane database of systematic reviews were searched from September 2019 up to December 2023 using keywords such as breast/human milk, maternal health/infections, and periodontal diseases. Reference lists of relevant articles were also screened. Our primary outcome of interest was human milk composition (i.e., any changes in macronutrients, immunological components, etc.). Secondary outcomes included changes in human milk microbiome and subsequent changes in the infant gut microbiome. Outcomes were synthesized using a narrative approach where the existing evidence and current literature were summarized. No risk of bias assessment of the studies was performed in this review. Findings: The search yielded no studies investigating the relationship between periodontal diseases in nursing mothers and changes in human milk composition. However, a dose–response relationship exists between the severity of periodontal diseases and the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth. Mastitis and diabetes affected milk lipids. Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) was increased in mastitis, whereas reduced concentrations were reported in diabetes. Potential biological pathways through which periodontal diseases can negatively affect human milk composition include the systemic dissemination of inflammatory cytokines like IL-6, PGE2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-β that can be up-regulated by bacterial by-products. This biological plausibility needs to be investigated, given the potentially negative impact on the quality of human milk that could be caused by periodontal inflammation.

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Longitudinal changes of lactopontin (milk osteopontin) in term and preterm human milk

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of pasteurization on osteopontin levels in human breastmilk and pasteurized breastmilk products

Effects of pasteurization on osteopontin levels in human breastmilk and pasteurized breastmilk products

Milk Osteopontin and Human Health

The unrevealed links: periodontal health, human milk composition, and infant gut microbiome dynamics

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