Longitudinal consistency of adult personality: Self-reported psychological characteristics across 45 years.

Conley, James J.

doi:10.1037/0022-3514.47.6.1325

Cited by 93 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In response to these concerns, a number of theoretical and empirical developments supporting the Big Five model have emerged in the past few years. This evidence includes: (a) demonstrations of the genetic influences on measures constituting the five factor model, with (uncorrected) heritability estimates ranging from .39 for agreeableness to .49 for extraversion (Bouchard 1997); (b) the stability of the Big Five model across the lifespan (Conley 1984;Costa and McCrae 1988); and (c) the replicability of the five factor structure across different theoretical frameworks, using different assessment approaches including questionnaires and lexical data, in different cultures, with different languages, and using ratings from different sources (e.g., Digman and Shmelyov 1996). While there is not universal agreement on the Big Five model, it is a useful taxonomy and currently the one considered most useful in personality research.…”

Section: Five-factor Model Of Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Performance at the Beginning of the New Millennium: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go Next?

Barrick

Mount

Judge

2001

Int J Selection Assessment

1,881

108

1,646

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As we begin the new millennium, it is an appropriate time to examine what we have learned about personality-performance relationships over the past century and to embark on new directions for research. In this study we quantitatively summarize the results of 15 prior meta-analytic studies that have investigated the relationship between the Five Factor Model (FFM) personality traits and job performance. Results support the previous findings that conscientiousness is a valid predictor across performance measures in all occupations studied. Emotional stability was also found to be a generalizable predictor when overall work performance was the criterion, but its relationship to specific performance criteria and occupations was less consistent than was conscientiousness. Though the other three Big Five traits (extraversion, openness and agreeableness) did not predict overall work performance, they did predict success in specific occupations or relate to specific criteria. The studies upon which these results are based comprise most of the research that has been conducted on this topic in the past century. Consequently, we call for a moratorium on meta-analytic studies of the type reviewed in our study and recommend that researchers embark on a new research agenda designed to further our understanding of personalityperformance linkages.

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Section: Five-factor Model Of Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and Performance at the Beginning of the New Millennium: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go Next?

Barrick

Mount

Judge

2001

Int J Selection Assessment

1,881

108

1,646

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“…For example, great tits were studied from juvenile phases to adulthood spanning 2 to 3 year intervals . Humans were studied from childhood to adulthood spanning ages 3 to 21 (Caspi, 2000); so far the longest studied time spans cover up to 45 to 50 years (Conley, 1984(Conley, , 1985Haan, Millsap, & Hartka, 1986;Soldz & Vaillant, 1999). Given the species differences in lifetimes, stabilities from 6 through 20 years of age in rhesus macaques (Suomi et al, 1996) cover similar extended periods of life.…”

Section: Longitudinal Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual behavioral phenotypes: An integrative meta‐theoretical framework. Why “behavioral syndromes” are not analogs of “personality”

Uher

2011

Developmental Psychobiology

148

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Jana UherIndividual behavioral phenotypes: an integrative meta-theoretical framework. Why "behavioral syndromes" are not analogs of "personality" Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) This document is the author's final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it. Uher, J. (2011) Developmental Psychobiology, 53, . Individual behavioral phenotypes: An integrative meta-theoretical framework. Why 'behavioral syndromes' are not analogues of 'personality'. AbstractAnimal researchers are increasingly interested in individual differences in behavior. Their interpretation as meaningful differences in behavioral strategies stable over time and across contexts, adaptive, heritable, and acted upon by natural selection has triggered new theoretical developments. However, the analytical approaches used to explore behavioral data still address population-level phenomena, and statistical methods suitable to analyze individual behavior are rarely applied. I discuss fundamental investigative principles and analytical approaches to explore whether, in what ways, and under which conditions individual behavioral differences are actually meaningful. I elaborate the meta-theoretical ideas underlying common theoretical concepts and integrate them into an overarching metatheoretical and methodological framework. This unravels commonalities and differences, and shows that assumptions of analogy to concepts of human personality are not always warranted and that some theoretical developments may be based on methodological artifacts. Yet, my results also highlight possible directions for new theoretical developments in animal behavior research.

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“…Inter-individual stability, called "differential continuity" by Caspi and Roberts (2001), refers to the rank-order stability of members of the same sample over time, and it typically has been evaluated using correlation coefficients (e.g., Conley, 1984;Roberts & DelVecchio, 2000). Another approach to measuring personality stability has been called "absolute continuity" (Caspi & Roberts, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife.

Hampson¹,

Goldberg²

2006

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

276

148

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This report provides some initial findings from an investigation of the relations between childhood Big Five personality traits assessed by elementary-school teachers and similar traits assessed 40 years later by self-reports at midlife. Our analyses are based on data from a relatively large and culturally diverse sample (N = 799) that was first assessed between 1959 and 1967 when the participants were children in Hawaii. Short-term (1-3 years) test retest reliabilities were lower (.22 -.53) within childhood when personality is developing than within adulthood (.70 -.79) when personality stability may be at its peak. Stability coefficients across the 40-year interval between the childhood assessment and two measures of adulthood personality were higher for Extraversion (e.g., .29) and Conscientiousness (e.g., .25) than for Openness (e.g., .16), Agreeableness (e.g., .08) and Neuroticism (e.g., .00). Construct continuity between childhood and adulthood was evaluated by canonical analysis and by structural-equation modeling and indicated continuity at both a broad, twodimensional level and at the level of the Big Five. The findings are discussed in relation to Caspi, Roberts, and Shiner's (2005) principles of rank-order personality stability.Keywords personality stability; Big Five; construct continuity; longitudinal study The extent to which child personality is predictive of adult personality has long been a fundamental scientific, philosophical, and even poetic question. Wordsworth's "The child is father of the man" and Milton's "The child shows the man, as morning shows the day" are not unambiguous. Neither poet was necessarily suggesting perfect correspondence and complete predictability from youth to maturity. Similarly, the stability of personality characteristics over the life course remains a controversial empirical issue. Proponents of stability debate the findings with advocates of transformation and change (McCrae et al., 2000;Lewis, 2001).In this report, we provide some initial findings from an investigation of the relations between childhood personality traits assessed by elementary-school teachers and similar traits assessed by self-reports at mid-life. Our analyses are based on data from the Hawaii Personality and Health Cohort, a relatively large and culturally diverse sample that was first assessed between 1959 and 1967 when the participants were children in Hawaii. The childhood assessments were designed and supervised by the late John M. Digman, and formed the basis for some of the pioneering work on the five-factor structure of personality (e.g., Digman, 1989 NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscript assessments were undertaken over a four-year period (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002) after an interval of 35 -43 years (Hampson et al., 2001). Consequently, these data offer an extraordinary opportunity to examine the question of personality stability from childhood to midlife with measures of the five-factor model of personality at each time point. We have be...

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Longitudinal consistency of adult personality: Self-reported psychological characteristics across 45 years.

Cited by 93 publications

References 17 publications

Personality and Performance at the Beginning of the New Millennium: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go Next?

Personality and Performance at the Beginning of the New Millennium: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go Next?

Individual behavioral phenotypes: An integrative meta‐theoretical framework. Why “behavioral syndromes” are not analogs of “personality”

A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife.

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