The effect of thermal instabilities on the performance of
sealed-off microwave-excited CO2 slab lasers is analysed. The
evolution time of the thermal instability (τ) is estimated for both
helium-rich and -poor mixtures. The analysis is based on a simplified
discharge model. The dependence of τ on the reduced field (E/N), the
discharge gap, the gas pressure, and the ballast-strip characteristics is
derived for helium-rich and -poor mixtures. Equating τ and tp, the
temperature rise time from ambient to a most efficient gas-discharge
temperature, results in an optimal ballast-strip capacitance. This result
is found to be independent of the gas mixture and pressure. Two examples
for optimized ballast dielectric strips (fused quartz and alumina) are
presented.