Longitudinal Designs

Lac, Andrew

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_779-1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Third, the research was undertaken with cross-sectional designs. This research validating the Alcohol PANAS is anticipated to serve as an impetus for cross-validations using longitudinal designs such as cross-lagged panel analysis (Lac, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and psychometric properties of the Alcohol Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: Are drinking emotions distinct from general emotions?

Lac¹,

Donaldson²

2018

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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People vary in experiences of positive and negative emotions from consuming alcohol, but no validated measurement instrument exclusively devoted to assessing drinking emotions exists in the literature. The current research validated and evaluated the psychometric properties of an alcohol affect scale based on adjectives from the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and tested the extent that emotions incurred from drinking were distinct from general trait-based emotions. Three studies tested independent samples of adult alcohol users. In Study 1 (N = 494), exploratory factor analyses of the Alcohol PANAS revealed that both the 20-item model and the 9-parcel model (represented by similar mood content) supported the 2-factor dimensionality of alcohol positive and negative affect. In Study 2 (N = 302), confirmatory factor analyses corroborated the measurement structure of alcohol positive and negative affect, and both constructs evidenced statistical independence from general positive and negative affect. In Study 3 (N = 452), alcohol positive and negative affect exhibited discriminant, convergent, and criterion validity with established alcohol scales. Incremental validity tests demonstrated that alcohol positive and negative affect uniquely contributed (beyond general positive and negative affect) to alcohol expectancies, use, and problems. Findings support that alcohol emotions are conceptually distinct from trait emotions, and underscore the necessity of an assessment instrument tailored to the former to examine associations with alcohol beliefs and behaviors. The Alcohol PANAS confers theoretical and practical applications to understand the emotional consequences of drinking. (PsycINFO Database Record

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation and psychometric properties of the Alcohol Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: Are drinking emotions distinct from general emotions?

Lac¹,

Donaldson²

2018

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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“…Cross-lagged panel models are pursued for the purpose of making inferences regarding the temporal precedence of a set of constructs in nonexperimental research (Kenny, 1975; Shadish, Cook & Campbell, 2002). Cross-lagged panel models contain three types of statistical relations (Lac, 2016; Locascio, 1982; Shadish et al, 2002). Synchronnous correlations represent the nondirectional associations of different variables asessed in the same round (e.g., T1 initaitive and T1 marijuana use).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alcohol and tobacco use (Keith, Hart, McNeil, Silver, & Goodwin, 2015; Suerken et al, 2014) might co-occur with marijuana use and therefore these other substances should be statistically controlled as competing predictors of general self-efficacy. Third, the current research pursues a longitudinal design (Lac, 2016; Lac & Crano, 2016) to address the methodological limitation of cross-sectional research unable to evaluate cannabis intake as a temporal antecedent of self-efficacy reductions. Even in previous experimental and longitudinal research, only a single directional process (marijuana use to motivation-related construct) is tested and the reverse process of events (motivation-related construct to marijuana use) is rarely empirically tested and scrutinized as a competing process (Cherek et al, 2002; Grevenstein et al 2016; Jessor et al, 1973; Lane et al, 2005).…”

Section: Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Amotivational Syndrome: Marijuana Use Longitudinally Predicts Lower Self-Efficacy Even After Controlling for Demographics, Personality, and Alcohol and Cigarette Use

Lac

Luk

2017

Prev Sci

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The marijuana amotivational syndrome posits that cannabis use fosters apathy through the depletion of motivation-based constructs such as self-efficacy. The current study pursued a two-round design to rule out concomitant risk factors responsible for the connection from marijuana intake to lower general self-efficacy. College students (N = 505) completed measures of marijuana use, demographics (age, gender, and race), personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and neuroticism), other substance use (alcohol and tobacco), and general self-efficacy (initiative, effort, and persistence) in two assessments separated by a month. Hierarchical regression models found that marijuana use forecasted lower initiative and persistence, even after statistically ruling out 13 pertinent baseline covariates including demographics, personality traits, alcohol use, tobacco use, and self-efficacy subscales. A cross-lagged panel model involving initiative, effort, persistence, alcohol use, cigarette use, and marijuana use sought to unravel the temporal precedence of processes. Results showed that only marijuana (but not alcohol or tobacco) intake significantly and longitudinally prompted lower initiative and persistence. Furthermore, in the same model, the opposite temporal direction of events from lower general self-efficacy subscales to marijuana use was untenable. Findings provide partial support for the marijuana amotivational syndrome, underscore marijuana as a risk factor for decreased general self-efficacy, and offer implications and insights for marijuana prevention and future research.

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Personality Traits Moderate Connections from Drinking Attitudes to Alcohol Use and Myopic Relief, Self-inflation, and Excess

Lac

Donaldson

2019

Substance Use & Misuse

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Background: Alcohol myopia theory postulates that the level of alcohol use in conjunction with personal cues such as alcohol attitudes and personality traits help to understand the types of consequences manifested. Objectives: This study examined and identified the personality traits that served as predictors and moderators of the risk connections from drinking attitudes to alcohol use to myopia outcomes. Methods: College students (N = 433) completed self-report measures. In a path analysis using structural equation modeling, personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and neuroticism), drinking attitudes, and personality x drinking attitudes interactions simultaneously served as predictors on the outcomes of alcohol use and myopic relief, selfinflation, and excess. Results: Alcohol attitudes and use consistently emerged as unique predictors of all three myopia outcomes. Extraversion and neuroticism were identified as statistical moderators, but results varied depending on the myopia outcome interpreted. Specifically, extraversion moderated the pathways from attitudes to usage and from attitudes to myopic relief. Neuroticism, however, moderated the relations from attitudes to myopic self-inflation and from attitudes to myopic excess. Conclusions/Importance: Extraverted and neurotic dispositions could exacerbate or attenuate the risk connections from alcohol attitudes to outcomes. Findings offer implications for alcohol prevention efforts designed to simultaneously target drinking attitudes, personality traits, and alcohol myopia.

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Longitudinal Designs

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Validation and psychometric properties of the Alcohol Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: Are drinking emotions distinct from general emotions?

Validation and psychometric properties of the Alcohol Positive and Negative Affect Schedule: Are drinking emotions distinct from general emotions?

Testing the Amotivational Syndrome: Marijuana Use Longitudinally Predicts Lower Self-Efficacy Even After Controlling for Demographics, Personality, and Alcohol and Cigarette Use

Personality Traits Moderate Connections from Drinking Attitudes to Alcohol Use and Myopic Relief, Self-inflation, and Excess

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