Longitudinal evaluation of the psychosocial well-being of recent orphans compared with non-orphans in a school-attending cohort in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

DeSilva, Mary Bachman; Skalicky, Anne; Beard, Jennifer; Cakwe, Mandisa; Zhuwau, Tom; Simon, Jonathon

doi:10.1080/14623730.2012.733600

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Unfortunately, there are no local studies with which to immediately compare our findings. Notwithstanding, selected studies in some part of sub-Saharan Africa (Northam et al, 2010; Nsereko et al, 2014; Horn, 2010; Okawa et al, 2011; DeSilva, Skalicky, Beard et al, 2012; Nsereko, Musisi, Nakigudde et al, 2014; Escueta, Whetten, Ostermann et al, 2014) have reported high prevalence psychosocial functioning problems among children and young people. In particular, in a study conducted among undergraduate university students selected from three universities in a similar setting such as Uganda, 37% of the participants were reported to have psychosocial problems and this was due to traumatic life experiences in about 49%; emotional problems in about 35%; antisocial behaviour in about 21% and academic problems in about 38% of the participants (Nsereko, Musisi, Nakigudde et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of the quality of life of adolescents in families affected by HIV/AIDS in Benue state, Nigeria

Akpa

Bamgboye

2015

Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies

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It was estimated that over 260,000 children are living with HIV/AIDS while close to 2 million are directly or indirectly affected by the disease in Nigeria. Improvements in treatments for infected children have been documented in the literature but there is a gross knowledge gap on the impact of HIV/AIDS on the quality of life and psychosocial functioning (PSF) of affected children in Nigeria. We comparatively explored the association of quality of life with PSF and other factors among adolescents in families affected by HIV/AIDS (FAHA) and in families not affected by HIV/AIDS (FNAHA). Data was extracted for 960 adolescents from a State wide cross-sectional study in which participants were selected through multistage sampling techniques. Data was collected using questionnaires consisting of demographic information, adapted WHO-QOL BREF and the Strength & Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ). The quality of life scores were categorized into Poor, Moderate and High based on the amount of standard deviation away from the mean while the SDQ scores were categorized into normal, borderline and abnormal based on the SDQ scoring systems. Chi-square test and independent t-test were used for bivariate analyses while logistic regression was used for multivariate analyses at 5% level of significance. Proportion with poor quality of life (27.0%) was significantly higher among adolescents in FAHA than in FNAHA (p=0.0001). Adolescents in FAHA (OR:2.32; 95%CI:1.67-4.09) were twice more likely to have poor quality of life than those in FNAHA. In FAHA, adolescents on the borderline of PSF (OR:2.19; 95%CI:1.23-3.89) were twice more likely to have poor quality of life than those with normal PSF. Adolescents in FAHA have poorer quality of life than those in FNAHA and also face additional burdens of psychosocial dysfunctions. Interventions focusing on functional social support and economic empowerment will benefit adolescents in FAHA in the studied location.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of the quality of life of adolescents in families affected by HIV/AIDS in Benue state, Nigeria

Akpa

Bamgboye

2015

Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies

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“…Most research focuses on the interaction between perceived quality of support and psychological wellbeing (Cheng et al, 2014; DeSilva et al, 2012; Okawa et al, 2011; Wang et al, 2012). Perception of quality is critical for a child to feel supported and connected.…”

Section: Social Support Types and Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South Africa, an estimated 20% of children (2.5 million) have lost at least one parent due to AIDS (DeSilva et al, 2012). The number of children affected by HIV is even higher (Sherr et al, 2014) and these children face additional psychological and health burdens (Betancourt, Meyers-Ohki, Charrow, & Hansen, 2013; Short & Goldberg, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

The power of siblings and caregivers: under-explored types of social support among children affected by HIV and AIDS

et al. 2016

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Children affected by HIV and AIDS have significantly higher rates of mental health problems than unaffected children. There is a need for research to examine how social support functions as a source of resiliency for children in high HIV-prevalence settings such as South Africa. The purpose of this research was to explore how family social support relates to depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress (PTS). Using the ecological model as a frame, data were drawn from a 2011 cross-sectional study of 1380 children classified as either orphaned by AIDS and/or living with an AIDS sick family member. The children were from high-poverty, high HIV-prevalent rural and urban communities in South Africa. Social support was analyzed in depth by examining the source (e.g. caregiver, sibling) and the type (e.g. emotional, instrumental, quality). These variables were entered into multiple regression analyses to estimate the most parsimonious regression models to show the relationships between social support and depression, anxiety, and PTS symptoms among the children. Siblings emerged as the most consistent source of social support on mental health. Overall caregiver and sibling support explained 13% variance in depression, 12% in anxiety, and 11% in PTS. Emotional support was the most frequent type of social support associated with mental health in all regression models, with higher levels of quality and instrumental support having the strongest relation to positive mental health outcomes. Although instrumental and quality support from siblings were related to positive mental health, unexpectedly, the higher the level of emotional support received from a sibling resulted in the child reporting more symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTS. The opposite was true for emotional support provided via caregivers, higher levels of this support was related to lower levels of all mental health symptoms. Sex was significant in all regressions, indicating the presence of moderation.

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“…Empirical findings indicate that self-esteem and resilience are intricately linked, with associations ranging from r =.21 to r =.51 [ 18 – 20 ]. Self-esteem was inconsistently associated with depression/anxiety symptoms, yet higher resilience scores were linked with lower depression/anxiety symptoms [ 21 – 24 ] [ 25 , 26 ]. In some studies, the constructs of self-esteem and resilience are used synonymously [ 16 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience in the General Population: Standardization of the Resilience Scale (RS-11)

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThe objectives of the study were to generate normative data for the RS-11 for different age groups for men and women and to further investigate the construct validity and factor structure in the general population.MethodsNationally representative face-to face household surveys were conducted in Germany in 2006 (n = 5,036).ResultsNormative data for the RS-11 were generated for men and women (53.7% female) and different age levels (mean age (SD) of 48.4 (18.0) years). Men had significantly higher mean scores compared with women (60.0 [SD = 10.2] vs. 59.3 [SD = 11.0]). Results of CFA supported a one-factor model of resilience. Self-esteem (standardized β = .50) and life satisfaction (standardized β =.20) were associated with resilience.ConclusionsThe normative data provide a framework for the interpretation and comparisons of resilience with other populations. Results demonstrate a special importance of self-esteem in the understanding of resilience.

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Longitudinal evaluation of the psychosocial well-being of recent orphans compared with non-orphans in a school-attending cohort in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Cited by 19 publications

References 52 publications

Correlates of the quality of life of adolescents in families affected by HIV/AIDS in Benue state, Nigeria

Correlates of the quality of life of adolescents in families affected by HIV/AIDS in Benue state, Nigeria

The power of siblings and caregivers: under-explored types of social support among children affected by HIV and AIDS

Resilience in the General Population: Standardization of the Resilience Scale (RS-11)

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