Longitudinal physical activity and sedentary behaviour in preschool‐aged children with cerebral palsy across all functional levels

Keawutan, Piyapa; Bell, K.; Oftedal, Stina; Ware, Robert S.; Stevenson, Richard D.; Davies, Peter S. W.; Boyd, Roslyn N.

doi:10.1111/dmcn.13439

Cited by 28 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In children with spasticity, impaired mobility due to a hampered coordination in combination with a reduced exercise tolerance implicates participation restrictions and activity limitations. As a consequence total daily physical activity of these children is reduced compared to that of typical developing children (Beckung and Hagberg 2002;Bjornson et al 2007b;Zwier et al 2010;Oftedal et al 2015;Keawutan et al 2017). Although for mice the exact reason for their observed low physical activity is not clear, the impact on muscle development of both spastic mice and spastic children seems similar.…”

Section: Effects Of Spasticity On Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 97%

Glycine receptor subunit-ß -deficiency in a mouse model of spasticity results in attenuated physical performance, growth and muscle strength

Rivares

Vignaud

Noort

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Spasticity is the most common neurological disorder associated with increased muscle contraction causing impaired movement and gait. The aim of this study was to characterize physical performance and skeletal muscle function and phenotype of mice with a hereditary spastic mutation (B6.Cg-Glrbspa/J). Motor function, gait and physical activity of juvenile and adult spastic mice and the morphological, histological and mechanical characteristics of their soleus (SO) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscles were compared with their wild-type (WT) littermates. Spastic mice showed attenuated growth, impaired motor function and low physical activity. Gait of spastic mice was characterized by a typical hopping pattern. Spastic mice showed lower muscle forces, which were related to the smaller physiological cross-sectional area of spastic muscles. The muscle-tendon complex length-force relationship of adult GM was shifted towards shorter lengths, which was explained by attenuated longitudinal tibia growth. Spastic GM was more fatigue resistant than WT GM. This was largely explained by a higher mitochondrial content in muscle fibers and relatively higher percentage of slow type muscle fibers. Muscles of juvenile spastic mice showed similar differences compared to WT juvenile mice, but these were less pronounced than between adult mice. This study shows that in spastic mice, disturbed motor function and gait is likely the result hyperactivity of skeletal muscle and impaired skeletal muscle growth, which progress with age.

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Section: Effects Of Spasticity On Physical Performancementioning

confidence: 97%

Glycine receptor subunit-ß -deficiency in a mouse model of spasticity results in attenuated physical performance, growth and muscle strength

Rivares

Vignaud

Noort

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Many children with CP presented lower physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness levels than their typically developed peers [68,69]. Moreover, in children with CP, sedentary lifestyle begins very early, i.e., in the childhood years [70]. Thus, the impaired autonomic modulation of cardiac oscillations in children with CP may be related to both the alterations attributed to disturbances occurring in the specified areas of developing brain, and prolonged sedentary behaviors.…”

Section: Hrv Changes In Children With Cpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy—A Systematic Literature Review

Gąsior

Zamunér

Silva

et al. 2020

JCM

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Cardiac autonomic dysfunction has been reported in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). The aim of this study was to assess the existing literature on heart rate variability (HRV) in pediatric patients with CP and a special attention was paid to the compliance of the studies with the current HRV assessment and interpretation guidelines. A systematic review was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases searched for English language publications from 1996 to 2019 using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms “heart rate variability” and “cerebral palsy” in conjunction with additional inclusion criteria: studies limited to humans in the age range of 0–18 years and empirical investigations. Out of 47 studies, 12 were included in the review. Pediatric patients with CP presented a significantly higher resting heart rate and reduced HRV, different autonomic responses to movement stimuli compared to children with normal development, but also reduced HRV parameters in the children dependent on adult assistance for mobility compared to those generally independent. None of the included studies contained the necessary details concerning RR intervals acquisition and HRV measurements as recommended by the guidelines. Authors of HRV studies should follow the methodological guidelines and recommendations on HRV measurement, because such an approach may allow a direct comparison of their results.

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“…reported that HPA in Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) levels I and II remained stable with age. 13 However, in children over 5 years old with GMFCS levels III–V, HPA significantly decreased with age. 13 Children with CP are expected to achieve approximately 90% of their potential Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-66 before the age of 6 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 13 However, in children over 5 years old with GMFCS levels III–V, HPA significantly decreased with age. 13 Children with CP are expected to achieve approximately 90% of their potential Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM)-66 before the age of 6 years. 14 Functional declines have been observed before 8 years of age in children at GMFCS levels III–V.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between motor capacity and motor performance in school-aged children with cerebral palsy: An observational study

Suk

Park

Yoo

et al. 2021

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness

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Background This study aimed to investigate the association between motor capacity and motor performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 6–12 years with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I to III. Methods Forty-six children with CP (24 boys and 22 girls) classified as GMFCS levels Ⅰ, Ⅱ, or Ⅲ were included. Motor capacity was measured by the Gross motor function measure (GMFM), Pediatric balance scale (PBS), Timed up and go (TUG), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). Motor performance was measured by triaxial accelerometers. Estimations of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) (kcal/kg/day), percentage of time spent on physical activity (% sedentary physical activity; %SPA; % light physical activity, %LPA; % moderate physical activity, %MPA; % vigorous physical activity %VPA; and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, %MVPA), and activity counts (counts/minute) were obtained. Results Children with GMFCS level I showed a significantly higher motor capacity (GMFM-66, GMFM-88, D-dimension and E-dimension, PBS and 6MWT) than those with level II or III. Children with GMFCS level II and/or III had significantly lower physical activity (PAEE, % MPA, % VPA, %MVPA, and activity counts) than children with GMFCS level I. Multiple linear regression analysis (dependent variable, GMFM-66) showed that %MVPA was positively associated with GMFM-66 in the GMFCS level II & III children but not in GMFCS level I children. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of increasing %MVPA in children with CP, especially GMFCS levels II and III.

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Longitudinal physical activity and sedentary behaviour in preschool‐aged children with cerebral palsy across all functional levels

Abstract: Children with CP at all GMFCS levels should be encouraged to be physically active from early childhood as HPA levels start to decline from 4 years. Breaks in sedentary time are required for all children with CP from the age of 3 years.

Cited by 28 publications

References 37 publications

Glycine receptor subunit-ß -deficiency in a mouse model of spasticity results in attenuated physical performance, growth and muscle strength

Glycine receptor subunit-ß -deficiency in a mouse model of spasticity results in attenuated physical performance, growth and muscle strength

Heart Rate Variability in Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy—A Systematic Literature Review

The association between motor capacity and motor performance in school-aged children with cerebral palsy: An observational study

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