Longitudinal Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Physical Fitness in Preschoolers

Leppänen, Marja H; Henriksson, Pontus; Nyström, Christine Delisle; Henriksson, Hanna; Ortega, Francisco B.; Pomeroy, Jeremy; Ruiz, Jonatan R.; Cadenas‐Sanchez, Cristina; Löf, Marie

doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000001313

Cited by 79 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our results showed that replacing IT for LPA is associated with improved body composition changes (body fat and muscle mass), although the greatest bene t has been observed with MVPA. Similar results have been observed in previous cross-sectional research in adults [32] and in longitudinal studies performed with children [48,49]. Therefore, the present results build on previous knowledge in other populations and indicate that replacing IT with any other activity behaviour has a bene cial impact on body composition in older adults with an incremental effect according to the intensity level.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body composition: longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus trial

Galmés-Panadés¹,

Konieczna²,

Varela-Mato³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background:The optimal distribution between physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviour (SB) for the greatest benefits for body composition among older adults with overweight/obesity and chronic health conditions remains unclear. We aimed to determine the prospective association between changes in PA and in SB with concurrent changes in body composition. To examine whether reallocating inactive time into different physical activity levels was associated with 12-month change to body composition in older adults.Methods: A subsample (n=1564) of men and women (age: 55-75 years) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from the PREDIMED-Plus trial was included in the present analysis. Participant’s were followed-up at 6- and 12-months. Physical Activity and SB were assessed using validated questionnaires. Out of 1564 participants, 388 wore an accelerometer to objectively measure inactive time and PA over a 7-day period. At each time point, participants body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Standard covariate-adjusted and isotemporal substitution modelling were applied to linear mixed-effects models.Results:Increasing 30 minute of total PA and MVPA were associated with significant reductions in body fat (β -0.07% and -0.08%) and VAT (-13.9g, and -15.6g) at 12-months (all p-values <0.001). Reallocating 30 minute of inactive time to MVPA was associated with reductions in body fat and VAT, and with an increase in muscle mass and muscle-to-fat mass ratio (all p-values <0.001).Conclusions:At 12 months, increasing total PA and MVPA and reducing total and TV-viewing SB were associated with improved body composition in participants with overweight or obesity, and metabolic syndrome. This was also observed when reallocating 30 minute of inactive time by total PA, LPA and MVPA, with the greatest benefits observed for MVPA.Trial registration: The trial was registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (ISRCTN: http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870) with number 89898870 and registration date of 24 July 2014, retrospectively registered.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body composition: longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus trial

Galmés-Panadés¹,

Konieczna²,

Varela-Mato³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…For example, a previous cross‐sectional study has shown that objectively measured MVPA was not associated with markers of adiposity in girls aged 3 to 5 years, while a positive association was found for boys . In addition, another study has shown that MVPA at 4.5 years was not associated with adiposity at 5.5 years .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…For example, a previous cross-sectional study has shown that objectively measured MVPA was not associated with markers of adiposity in girls aged 3 to 5 years, while a positive association was found for boys (24). In addition, another study has shown that MVPA at 4.5 years was not associated with adiposity at 5.5 years (25). The prevalence of children meeting the 24-h movement guidelines in the present study is similar to one previous study (18.4% vs. 17.1%) (12), and substantially higher than the mean of 7.2% (range 2.0-14.0% dependent on country of study) presented in a study with data from 12 different countries (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cross‐sectional and prospective associations of meeting 24‐h movement guidelines with overweight and obesity in preschool children

et al. 2018

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“…Physical fitness assessments were performed according to the validated PREFIT battery [2], a s evidenced by previous publications [13,35,36]. The details of each testing item were described as below:…”

Section: Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vigorous PA was also found beneficial to CRF, a s children who accumulated 40 min vigorous PA was greater than those only had 18 min [44]. Further, longitudinal studies showed PA was positively correlated with CRF, musculoskeletal fitness, a n d motor fitness in preschool children [35,45]. To date, no empirical study has examined the associations between daily step counts and physical fitness in preschool children.…”

Section: Comparison With the Findings From The Previous Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Daily Step Counts and Physical Fitness in Preschool Children

Fang

Zhang

Zhou

et al. 2020

JCM

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Purpose: To investigate the relationships between daily step counts and physical fitness in preschool children. Methods: Preschoolers’ step counts were assessed by ActiGraph accelerometers consecutively for seven days. Physical fitness was assessed by a 20 m shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness), the handgrip and standing long jump tests (musculoskeletal fitness), and the 2 × 10 m shuttle run test (speed/agility). A composite score was created from the mean of the standardized values of all physical fitness tests. Results: A total of 301 preschoolers (134 girls, mean age 57.40 ± 5.47 months; 167 boys, mean age 58.10 ± 5.34 months) were included in the final analysis. Compared with the lowest tertile, boys and girls in the highest tertile of step counts achieved high physical fitness with odds ratio (OR) being 5.39 (95% CI = 1.65–17.59) and 4.42 (95% CI = 1.30–14.99), respectively, after adjusting for confounders. Meanwhile, a relationship was observed for each 1000 steps/day increment being associated with 43% (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.10–1.85) and 62% (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.20–2.19) increment for high physical fitness in boys and girls, respectively. In addition, significant non-linear relationship was observed between daily steps and physical fitness in boys, which indicated that accumulated 8000 steps/day was associated with the highest ratio to achieve high physical fitness. Conclusions: Positive relationships between step counts and physical fitness were observed in preschool children, and the relationships were strongest for those who accumulated 8000 steps/day in boys. To confirm the findings in this study, well-designed and large-scale longitudinal studies are needed in the future.

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Longitudinal Physical Activity, Body Composition, and Physical Fitness in Preschoolers

Cited by 79 publications

References 34 publications

Changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body composition: longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus trial

Changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour and body composition: longitudinal analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus trial

Cross‐sectional and prospective associations of meeting 24‐h movement guidelines with overweight and obesity in preschool children

Associations between Daily Step Counts and Physical Fitness in Preschool Children

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