Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS

Green, Michael F.; Kern, Robert S.; Heaton, Robert K.

doi:10.1016/j.schres.2004.09.009

Cited by 1,257 publications

(867 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Clearly, cognitive deficits -which have been long recognized as being important aspects of schizophrenia -are not treated adequately, if at all, by current antipsychotic treatments (Green, 1996;Fenton et al, 2003). Indeed, these cognitive deficits appear to contribute significantly to the poor functional outcome exhibited by schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotics (Green et al, 2004a). Thus, despite the plethora of existing antipsychotic treatments, the cognitive deficits remain as clinical problems in schizophrenia, and most patients cannot work effectively.…”

Section: The Matrics Program the Matrics Program To Develop Procognitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The family of sensorimotor gating disorders: Comorbidities or diagnostic overlaps?

2006

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Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle is an operational measure of the pre-attentive filtering process known as sensorimotor gating. Originally identified in patients with schizophrenia, PPI deficits have been observed in multiple but not all psychiatric disorders. Thus, as with most signs and symptoms of psychiatric disorders, deficits in PPI cut across diagnostic categories. It remains unclear whether the diversity of disorders exhibiting deficient PPI bespeaks diagnostic overlaps or comorbidities. Given the recent focus on treatments for cognitive deficits of schizophrenia independently of treating psychosis, the relationship of PPI deficits to cognitive deficits becomes of interest. Although PPI cannot be considered to be a cognitive process per se, abnormalities in pre-attentive information processing may be predictive of or lead to complex cognitive deficits. Animal models of PPI deficits produced by dopamine agonists reliably predict existing antipsychotics. Nevertheless, since neither PPI nor cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are ameliorated by standard antipsychotics, current research is exploring the predictive value of non-dopaminergic PPI models in identifying treatments for gating disturbances independently of their relevance to specific disorders. Both PPI and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia patients are not reversed by first generation antipsychotics but may be attenuated by clozapine. Similarly, effects of glutamate antagonists on symptoms in patients and PPI in animals appear to be reduced by clozapine. Hence, treatment-induced reversals of deficits in PPI produced by glutamate antagonists may provide animal, and human, models to aid in the discovery of treatments of cognitive deficits in patients already treated with existing antipsychotics.

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Section: The Matrics Program the Matrics Program To Develop Procognitmentioning

confidence: 99%

The family of sensorimotor gating disorders: Comorbidities or diagnostic overlaps?

2006

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“…These symptoms lead to diagnosis, but are usually preceded by trait dysfunctions in cognition, affect, and motivation. These aspects of schizophrenia account for substantial decrements in social and occupational functioning and appear to be primary determinants of long-term morbidity (Matza et al, 2006;Velligan et al, 2006;Green et al, 2004;Harvey et al, 2006). Psychotic symptoms may persist from disease onset, but the general trend is a pattern of remission/exacerbation or partial remission/exacerbation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Impaired cognition and negative symptom pathology remain unmet treatment needs, and substantially account for long-term morbidity, and poor functional outcomes associated with this disease (Buchanan et al, 2005;Green et al, 2004;Kirkpatrick et al, 2000Kirkpatrick et al, , 2006Matza et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

Carpenter

Koenig

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

186

128

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“…The cognitive impairments of schizophrenia are numerous and disabling (Elvevag and Goldberg, 2000;Green et al, 2004;Heaton et al, 2001;Twamley et al, 2002). Episodic learning and memory deficits are particularly common and involve higher-level encoding and retrieval difficulties in the context of intact retention of learned information (Aleman et al, 1999); functional neuroimaging studies implicate prefrontal systems dysfunction rather than temporal lobe dysfunction in the learning and memory deficits of schizophrenia (Seidman et al, 1994;Achim and LePage, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychological substrates and everyday functioning implications of prospective memory impairment in schizophrenia

Twamley¹,

Woods²,

Zurhellen³

et al. 2008

Schizophrenia Research

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Individuals with schizophrenia demonstrate impairment in prospective memory (ProM), which describes the multifaceted ability to execute a future intention. Despite its clear implications for everyday functioning, the neuropsychological substrates and functional correlates of ProM impairment in schizophrenia remain poorly understood. In this study, the Memory for Intentions Screening Test (MIST), a standardized measure of ProM, was administered to 72 outpatients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder as part of a comprehensive neuropsychological and psychiatric research evaluation. Results showed that ProM was positively correlated with standard clinical tests of attention, working memory, processing speed, learning, and executive functioning, but not delayed recall. In the context of multiple neuropsychological predictors, learning ability was the only domain that independently contributed to ProM. Importantly, better ProM was predictive of higher functional capacity (as measured by the UCSD Performance-Based Skills AssessmentBrief Version), above and beyond the variability explained by demographic and disease factors. Analysis of component processes revealed that event-based ProM, as well as no response (i.e., omission) and task substitution errors were the strongest predictors of everyday functioning. Overall, these findings suggest that ProM impairment in schizophrenia is associated with multiple cognitive substrates, particularly episodic learning deficits, and plays an important role in everyday living skills. Studies regarding the potential effectiveness of ProM-based remediation strategies to improve functional outcomes in schizophrenia are indicated.

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Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS

Cited by 1,257 publications

References 42 publications

The family of sensorimotor gating disorders: Comorbidities or diagnostic overlaps?

The family of sensorimotor gating disorders: Comorbidities or diagnostic overlaps?

The Evolution of Drug Development in Schizophrenia: Past Issues and Future Opportunities

Neuropsychological substrates and everyday functioning implications of prospective memory impairment in schizophrenia

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