Longitudinal systolic shortening of the left ventricle: an echocardiographic study in subjects with and without preserved global function

Alam, Mahbubul; Höglund, Christer; Thorstrand, C.

doi:10.1111/j.1475-097x.1992.tb00348.x

Cited by 110 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Therefore, subclinical LV dysfunction can be detected by a decrease in longitudinal myocardial function, which occurs before the development of abnormality in conventional measures of LV performance. 28 This evidence explains the finding of longitudinal functional deterioration as a result of early subendocardial lesions in GH patients; and the present findings regarding the presence of longitudinal dysfunction are consistent with other studies that have shown the progressive nature of longitudinal deterioration in patients with diastolic heart failure, even in patients with transient hypertension, 29 indicating that reduced global myocardial performance of the left ventricle would be one of the useful indices for quantitative assessment in high-risk pregnancies. 30 The present study shows that the BP of GHW decreased after delivery, as happens usually, and that RWT and Tei index returned to normal but remained higher compared to NPW at the time of follow-up echocardiography.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Gestational Hypertension on Left Ventricular Function and Geometric Pattern

Cho

Kim

Shin

et al. 2011

Circ J

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Circulation Journal Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society http://www. j-circ.or.jp he development of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in essential hypertension is associated with an increase of LV afterload and severity and duration of the disease process. 1-3 Patients with essential hypertension are exposed to long-lasting pressure overload with enough time for development of pathologic changes in LV structure and function. The morphologic and functional LV changes induced by essential hypertension are well known. 4 Gestational hypertension (GH) is a systemic hypertension that develops during gestation in young women with previously normotensive hearts. Estimation of diastolic dysfunction is usually based on conventional indices that represent the global status. 5 An easily measured Doppler index of myocardial performance, however, combining systolic and diastolic time intervals, has been reported to be simple, reproducible, and independent of heart rate and blood pressure (BP). 6 Moreover, altered segmental contraction based on strain echocardiography may be a sensitive method to evaluate the changes in LV function in GH because it is evident before global conventional indices of systolic dysfunction become definitely informative. 7 Editorial p 1055In the present study we measured and compared LV structure and function in normotensive pregnant women (NPW) with those in patients with GH. The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of GH on the systolic and diastolic performance and structure of the left ventricle in the previously normotensive young heart.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Gestational Hypertension on Left Ventricular Function and Geometric Pattern

Cho

Kim

Shin

et al. 2011

Circ J

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“…15,16 M-mode determined MAVPD evaluates the systolic function of the LV long-axis, is highly reproducible and simple to perform, 12 and correlates with LV ejection fraction. [17][18][19] Longitudinal systolic function assessed by M-mode echocardiography is decreased in hypertensives with left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas alterations in long-axis contraction occur early in HTN as assessed by tissue Doppler analysis. 6,8 These findings suggest that alterations in subendocardial myocardial function are present early in the pathogenesis of the hypertensive disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abnormalities of left ventricular long-axis function predict the onset of hypertension independent of blood pressure: a 7-year prospective study

et al. 2007

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Increased blood pressure and left ventricular (LV) mass predict the onset of the clinically manifest hypertension, but little is known regarding the possible predictive value of LV function. The present study was designed to evaluate the association between echocardiographic LV long-axis systolic, and diastolic function and hypertension onset. We prospectively followed 244 normotensive adults with a family history of hypertension (HTN), with echocardiography for 7 years. M-mode derived atrioventricular plane displacement of the mitral and tricuspid annuli (MAVPD and TAVPD respectively), and LV circumferential fractional shortening were calculated. Diastolic function of the left and right ventricle were assessed using Doppler indices of the mitral and tricuspid inflow. During follow-up, 79 subjects developed hypertension (H group) and 165 subjects remained normotensive (N group). H group subjects had diminished MAVPD (13.873.4 vs 15.073.1 mm; P ¼ 0.007), lower mitral E/A ratio, and longer mitral E-wave deceleration time as compared to N group. In multivariate Cox model MAVPD and mitral E/A ratio predicted the onset of hypertension independent of LV mass index, blood pressure, pre-hypertensive status at baseline, age, sex and body mass index. During follow-up, H subjects experienced a significant decline in MAVPD and mitral E/A ratio, whereas the indices of right ventricular function and LV circumferential shortening remained intact. In conclusion, alterations in LV long-axis systolic and diastolic function, as measured by MAVPD and E/A ratio predict the onset of hypertension. These parameters declined during the development of hypertension.

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“…Longitudinal LV shortening defined as the difference between the long-axis length (LAL) at end diastole (ED) and at any other instant in the cardiac cycle, is an important parameter in the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function [1][2]. Moreover, an incorrect estimate of LAL could affect the measurements of crucial clinical parameters, such as LV volume, which is obtained from these estimates using geometric modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Discussion and conclusions RT3DE provides volumetric data that allows avoiding the foreshortening problem that has been affecting 2DE-derived LV long-axis measurement, and thus promises to allow more accurate assessment of clinical parameters related to LV function [1][2][3][4]. However, no semiautomated or automated tool is currently available to …”

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confidence: 99%

Nearly automated left ventricular long axis tracking on real time three-dimensional echocardiographic data

Veronesi

Corsi

Caiani³

et al. 2005

Computers in Cardiology, 2005

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The measurement of left ventricular (LV) long axis length (LAL) is an integral part of echocardiographic evaluation of LV volume, the most important determinant of LV systolic function. LAL measurements from 2Dechocardiography (2DE) are highly dependent on the ability to obtain non-foreshortened LV images. IntroductionLongitudinal LV shortening defined as the difference between the long-axis length (LAL) at end diastole (ED) and at any other instant in the cardiac cycle, is an important parameter in the evaluation of left ventricular (LV) systolic function [1][2]. Moreover, an incorrect estimate of LAL could affect the measurements of crucial clinical parameters, such as LV volume, which is obtained from these estimates using geometric modelling. However, conventional two-dimensional echocardiographic (2DE) measurements of the LAL are subjective and time-consuming and rely on the ability to obtain nonforeshortened apical long axis views [3].Real-time 3D echocardiography (RT3DE) is an emerging imaging technique that allows fast acquisition of volumetric datasets from a single transthoracic acoustic window. This new technology provides more complete information on left ventricular (LV) anatomy and function, which has recently triggered research protocols aimed at its testing and validation. By using advanced image processing techniques, it is possible to obtain from RT3DE data not only qualitative 3D visual information on chamber shape, function and wall motion [4], but also quantitative clinically useful parameters of LV function [5].A recent paper [6] has highlighted the importance of selecting anatomically correct, non-foreshortened apical cross-sections from the RT3DE data for accurate estimates of LV mass. The major cause of the known underestimation of LV mass by 2DE was shown to be apical foreshortening [6]. However, in this study, the selection of the non-foreshortened apical views was performed off-line by manual analysis of RT3DE data. Because of the time consuming nature of this procedure, it was limited to end-diastolic (ED) and end-systolic (ES) frames and thus did not provide information on LAL changes throughout the cardiac cycle.We hypothesized that LV long axis could be automatically identified throughout the cardiac cycle from the RT3DE, and thus could provide the basis for fast, automated quantification of LV longitudinal shortening. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to develop a nearly automated method, based on optical flow techniques [7], to detect frame-by-frame the LV long-axis and measure its length. The automated LAL measurements were validated by comparisons with manual frame-by-frame measurements performed on the same RT3DE datasets. Methods Data acquisitionTen patients (age 52±12 years) with transthoracic acoustic windows that allowed adequate endocardial visualization without contrast enhancement were studied. RT3DE imaging was performed using a commercial ultrasound scanner (SONOS 7500, Philips) equipped with a fully sampled matrix array transducer (X4, 2-4 MHz) oper...

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Longitudinal systolic shortening of the left ventricle: an echocardiographic study in subjects with and without preserved global function

Cited by 110 publications

References 19 publications

Impact of Gestational Hypertension on Left Ventricular Function and Geometric Pattern

Impact of Gestational Hypertension on Left Ventricular Function and Geometric Pattern

Abnormalities of left ventricular long-axis function predict the onset of hypertension independent of blood pressure: a 7-year prospective study

Nearly automated left ventricular long axis tracking on real time three-dimensional echocardiographic data

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