Longitudinal trajectories of brain volume in combined antiretroviral therapy treated and untreated simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaques

Liú, Dan; Liu, Jiaojiao; Xu, Tingting; Qiao, Hongwei; Gao, Yuxun; Ailixire,; Gao, Lei; Li, Chunlin; Xia, Mingrui; Li, Hongjun

doi:10.1097/qad.0000000000003055

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the future, we will include the cognitive tests of all participants. Secondly, it is a cross-sectional study with small sample sizes, however, [49][50][51][52] there has been no investigation into the effects of cART on the hierarchy connectome; as a result, longitudinal studies with large sample sizes before and after cART are urgently needed in the future study.The structural connectome in HIV patients has previously been shown to be able to constrain functional connectivity anatomically [53]. Our current study has just identi ed changes in the primary-to-transmodal gradient in the functional connectome in HIV individuals, and this procedure has involved alterations in both regional and global topography.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered Brain Functional Connectome Hierarchical Organization in HIV Patients

Liu#,

Xia,

Wang#

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Research from the past has shown that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can quickly enter the central nervous system after seroconversion, and that roughly 50% of HIV patients may experience neurological problems. Application of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) can systemically inhibit viral replication, partially restoring immune functions, but it is unable to entirely eradicate viral proteins in the brain. The influence of HIV on brain functioning and behavioral symptoms is still completely unknown, despite extensive research into the functional and anatomical abnormalities in the brainof HIV patients. Methods We gathered resting-state functional MRI data from 77 individuals (42 HIV patients (with behavioral data) and 35 healthy controls) from Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University. We identified a constrained primary-to-transmodal gradient and an extended sensorimotor-to-visual gradient using functional connectome gradient analysis. Results According to group comparison analysis, the HIV patients had higher sensorimotor-to-visual and sensorimotor-to-visual spatial variation in the posterior cingulate cortex and a lower gradient score of primary-to-transmodal in the middle frontal gyrus. These two abnormal functional gradients of HIV patients were related to individual decreased abstract/executive processing abilities (planning, reasoning, set switching, flexible thinking, and updating, etc.) and clinical symptoms (CD4), as well as topological efficiency of brain functional network. Conclusion When taken as a whole, our findings describe the failure of the brain's functional hierarchical architecture in HIV patients, offering a novel perspective on the neurological mechanisms driving the virus.

show abstract