Longitudinal variation in selected wood properties of oriental beech and caucasian fir

Abstract

In this study, several wood properties were investigated along with the longitudinal direction for oriental beech and caucasian fir trees grown in Turkey. Wood density, compression strength parallel to grain, chemical characteristics (holocelluose, celluose, lignin), fiber dimensions (fiber length, fiber width, fiber lumen width, fiber cell wall thickness) were measured from the sapwood of the discs taken at the stem heights of 1,30; 6,30 and 12,30 meters. Both wood species showed clear trends in wood properties along longitudinal direction. For both wood species, the highest values in density, compression strength, volumetric shrinkage and swelling were at 1,30 m stem height, and the investigated parameters decreased along with the stem height, while longitudinal shrinkage and swelling percentage increased. The highest cellulose content was found at 1,30 m stem height, and the highest lignin content was found at 12,30 m stem height for both wood species. The longest fibers and the thickest fiber walls were determined at 1,30 m stem height in both wood species. These results clearly indicated that stem height greatly affected the investigated wood properties for both wood species.

Variation in Mechanical Properties Within and Between Plantation-Grown Gmelina Arborea Trees

“…The variation along the height of Gmelina determined in Table 2 for fc,o, fv, and density also agrees with [8] who reported a variation in density and compressive strength parallel to the grain along the height of beech wood. The nature of the variation determined for these material properties along the height of Gmelina, was further investigated by comparing the mean value of one of the groups (e.g., the top) with the mean value from each of the other groups (middle and bottom respectively), using the Tukey HSD test.…”

“…Other density variation patterns discussed in [9] are inconsistent with this rule and are not within the scope of discussion of the current study. The results (slight reduction of density with height) obtained in this study for the variation of density along the height of Gmelina, was also reported by Lamb [11] for Gmelina, as well as by other researchers [7], [8], [12] for other tree species.…”

Use of Pyrolysis–Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry as a Tool to Study the Natural Variation in Biopolymers in Different Tissues of Economically Important European Softwood Species

“…Klason lignin and cellulose contents for stemwood were in the range of expected values for Picea abies [35,36], Abies alba [37,38], and Pseudotsuga menziesii [14]. Studies exploring the longitudinal variability of lignin in different species are scarce [35,39] and have not yet been performed extensively on silver fir, spruce, and Douglas fir.…”

Axial and radial variation in physical and chemical properties of Borassus flabellifer L. (Palmyra palm)

“…The physical and chemical properties of wood are influenced by its chemical composition which consists of various organic compounds (Topaloglu and Erisir 2018; Hassan 2020). Variation in physical and chemical properties in heartwood and sapwood regions in wood were previously been reported by authors (Kollmann and Côté 1968).…”