Look into my eyes: What can eye-based measures tell us about the relationship between physical activity and cognitive performance?

Zou, Liye; Herold, Fabian; Ludyga, Sebastian; Kamijo, Keita; Müller, Notger G.; Pontifex, Matthew B.; Heath, Matthew; Kuwamizu, Ryuta; Soya, Hideaki; Hillman, Charles H.; Andò, Sebastiano; Alderman, Brandon L.; Cheval, Boris; Kramer, Arthur F.

doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2023.04.003

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 186 publications

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“…Although the specific biological mechanisms under which exercise interventions improve health are not fully understood, several potential pathways were reported. For example, physical training could lead to changes in the cerebrovascular system, which is associated with cognitive performance improvements [ 55 ]. Additionally, physical activities may facilitate functional connectivity in the prefrontal cortex [ 56 ] and left parietal lobe [ 57 ] and increase the grey matter volume of the left medial frontal gyrus [ 58 ], all key regions related to cognitive health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control

Liu,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Aging Research

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Background. Culturally relevant exercises may help improve health and address disparities faced by older immigrants due to language and cultural barriers. Few studies have focused on such exercise interventions among older Chinese immigrants at US daycare centers. Methods. We conducted a 10-week nonrandomized controlled trial in older Chinese immigrants in Philadelphia, US. The intervention group practiced Chinese Qigong (Baduanjin) 5 days a week guided by trained research assistants and video instructions. The control group maintained their usual daily activities. We collected self-report assessments on overall health, sleep, and fatigue and implemented two computerized cognitive tests measuring psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and memory twice, preintervention and postintervention. Repeated measures general linear model (GLM) and paired samples t-tests were used for data analyses. Results. Eighty-eight older adults (Qigong, n = 53; control, n = 35) with an average age of 78.13 (SD = 5.05) were included. Groups showed no significant differences at baseline evaluation. After the 10-week exercise, the intervention group showed significant improvements in overall health (p=0.032), fatigue (p<0.001), and cognitive functions including memory (p=0.01), response speed (p=0.002), and response time (p=0.012) on the PVT, as well as marginally significant benefits in sleep (p=0.058). Between-group comparisons identified significant group-by-time interactions in health (p=0.024), sleep (p=0.004), fatigue (p=0.004), and memory (p=0.004). Conclusion. We revealed significant positive effects of Qigong in older Chinese immigrants across multiple health domains. Findings highlight the potential of a culturally relevant exercise in addressing health disparities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control

Liu,

Yang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Aging Research

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“…On the other hand, persons who experience high levels of depression and anxiety may be more inclined to utilize devices as a way to “switch off”, which could delay Sleep onset latency and even cause Sleep disorder ( Teychenne et al., 2011 ) - it becomes a vicious cycle. Notably the role of engaging in PA on brain health (e.g., depression and anxiety) has been well-documented ( Zou et al., 2023 ). For instance, a seminal review indicated that PA or exercise effectively alleviated depressive levels through different levels of biological mechanisms (e.g., neurotrophins, cellular signaling pathway, or structural level) ( Kandola et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with externalizing and internalizing problems among children and adolescents prescribed with eyeglasses/contact lenses

Hou,

Herold,

Werneck

et al. 2024

International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology

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Effects of Physical Exercise Breaks on Executive Function in a Simulated Classroom Setting: Uncovering a Window into the Brain

Yu,

Zhang,

Ludyga

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Acknowledging the detrimental effects of prolonged sitting, this study examined the effects of an acute exercise break during prolonged sitting on executive function, cortical hemodynamics, and microvascular status. In this randomized crossover study, 71 college students completed three conditions: (i) uninterrupted sitting (SIT); (ii) SIT with a 15 min moderate‐intensity cycling break (MIC); and (iii) SIT with a 15 min vigorous‐intensity cycling break (VIC). Behavioral outcomes, retinal vessel diameters (central retinal artery equivalents [CRAE], retinal vein equivalents [CRVE], arteriovenous ratio [AVR]), cortical activation, and effective connectivity were evaluated. Linear mixed models identified significant positive effects of exercise conditions on behavioral reaction time (RT), error rate, and inverse efficiency score (β = −2.62, −0.19, −3.04: ps < 0.05). MIC and VIC conditions produced pre‐to‐post‐intervention increases in CRAE and CRVE (β = 4.46, 6.34), frontal activation, and resting‐state and task‐state causal density (β = 0.37, 0.06) (ps < 0.05) compared to SIT; VIC was more beneficial for executive function and neurobiological parameters. The effect of AVR on average RT was mediated through task‐based causal density (indirect effect: −0.82). Acutely interrupting prolonged sitting improves executive function, microvascular status, and cortical activation and connectivity, with causal density mediating the microvascular‐executive function link.

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Look into my eyes: What can eye-based measures tell us about the relationship between physical activity and cognitive performance?

Cited by 26 publications

References 186 publications

Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control

Effects of Mind-Body Qigong Exercise on Overall Health, Fatigue/Sleep, and Cognition in Older Chinese Immigrants in the US: An Intervention Study with Control

Associations of 24-hour movement behaviors with externalizing and internalizing problems among children and adolescents prescribed with eyeglasses/contact lenses

Effects of Physical Exercise Breaks on Executive Function in a Simulated Classroom Setting: Uncovering a Window into the Brain

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