2021
DOI: 10.1177/0091450921998701
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Looking Beyond the Provision of Injecting Equipment to People Who Use Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: Harm Reduction and Behavior Change Goals for UK Policy

Abstract: Understanding of the choices and motivations of people who use anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) for muscular enhancement has increased greatly in the past thirty years, along with understanding of a wide range of health harms associated with this form of drug use in the community. During this period the predominant public health intervention for this population in the UK has consistently remained the provision of injecting equipment to prevent blood borne virus (BBV) transmission. The study explored the heal… Show more

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Cited by 25 publications
(27 citation statements)
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References 38 publications
(51 reference statements)
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“…The current study's findings can inform preventive as well as harm reduction and treatment interventions on AAS use, and aggression and psychological distress. Preventive interventions on AAS use incorporating education about the potential for aggressive behavior and psychological distress may be beneficial in reducing motivation and intention for AAS initiation (63)(64)(65). Similarly, it is important that harm reduction and treatment interventions for AAS use is extended into the amelioration of aggression and psychological distress (64,66,67).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The current study's findings can inform preventive as well as harm reduction and treatment interventions on AAS use, and aggression and psychological distress. Preventive interventions on AAS use incorporating education about the potential for aggressive behavior and psychological distress may be beneficial in reducing motivation and intention for AAS initiation (63)(64)(65). Similarly, it is important that harm reduction and treatment interventions for AAS use is extended into the amelioration of aggression and psychological distress (64,66,67).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Preventive interventions on AAS use incorporating education about the potential for aggressive behavior and psychological distress may be beneficial in reducing motivation and intention for AAS initiation (63)(64)(65). Similarly, it is important that harm reduction and treatment interventions for AAS use is extended into the amelioration of aggression and psychological distress (64,66,67). In this regard, the homogenous gender model identified in this study underlines the indispensability of female AAS users in such policy making particularly in relation to the tendency for aggression and psychological distress.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whilst a number of specialist harm reduction services exist within the UK, these specialist services vary greatly in nature and delivery and van der Ven et al, (2020) reports that oral AAS users are a population at risk of being overlooked within NSP. Nonetheless, Bates, McVeigh & Leavey, (2021) outline that the UK has successfully delivered harm reduction to individuals who inject AAS, but these services ought to be considered a bare minimum when harm reduction efforts are considered. Although positive strides have been made within harm reduction efforts in recent years (Bates et al, 2021), there are currently no harm reduction services designed specifically for recreational athletes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Nonetheless, Bates, McVeigh & Leavey, (2021) outline that the UK has successfully delivered harm reduction to individuals who inject AAS, but these services ought to be considered a bare minimum when harm reduction efforts are considered. Although positive strides have been made within harm reduction efforts in recent years (Bates et al, 2021), there are currently no harm reduction services designed specifically for recreational athletes. Thus, when we consider these claims, the interview data and some of the identified drug use characteristics, it appears fundamental to establish specialist harm reduction for recreational athletes and gym users within Wales.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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