Loop-mirror filters based on saturable-gain or -absorber gratings

Havstad, S.A.; Fischer, Baruch; Willner, Alan E.; Wickham, Michael G.

doi:10.1364/ol.24.001466

Cited by 65 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The difference with the classical case of a bulk holographic medium [13], [15], [16] is that the effective gain grating in a fiber should be taken into account instead of the absorption one. The final equations for the modulation amplitudes of the counter-propagating signal beams in the fiber are as follows: (6) where and are the powers of the counter-propagating waves (see Fig. 2), and are the modulation amplitudes of the signal beams at the fundamental and second harmonics of the PM-signal at the frequency (note that is meant to be much higher than reciprocal relaxation time of the active medium), is the fiber gain coefficient averaged over the grating period, and are the amplitudes of the BGs in absence of PM, are the Bessel functions of the zeroth, first, and second orders, and is the PM amplitude.…”

Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Apparently, because of high gain/absorption in the erbium fiber used ( nm cm and nm cm ) the dependence of powers of both the signal beams on the fiber length needs to be accounted for [see (6)]. On the other hand, one can neglect in these equations an influence of the spontaneous emission in erbium fiber.…”

Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the amplitudes of the refractive index and gain gratings can be found [see (2) and (5)] as (11) The gratings' amplitudes calculated with the use of formulas (11) can be taken to estimate the modulation depth of the output signal beam [see (6)] and the grating diffraction efficiency.…”

Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This process resembles the effect of gain grating formation at the laser beams' coupling in bulk active media of semiconductor and solid-state lasers [1]- [3]. In fiber optics, dynamic BGs were extensively studied during the last decade because of impact of this phenomenon in such applications as optical fiber amplifying [4], single-frequency fiber lasing [5], tunable narrow-band fiber filtering [6], and dynamic holography [7]. The technique of two phase-modulated beams' coupling (PMBC) was proposed for recording nonlinear response in erbium-doped fibers [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Barmenkov

Kir’yanov

Andrés

2005

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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We present the results of an experimental study of dynamic amplitude and phase Bragg gratings induced in a heavy-doped erbium fiber at the wavelengths 1532 and 1538 nm under the 980-nm pumping. The technique of two phase-modulated beams' coupling was applied for an experimental measurement of the changes in refractive index and gain accompanying the gratings' formation in the fiber, and an analysis based on the Kramers-Kronig Relations for the fiber absorption/gain spectra and two-pass amplifying was performed for modeling these changes.

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Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pmbc and Two-pass Amplifying In Erbium-doped Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Barmenkov

Kir’yanov

Andrés

2005

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

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“…Dynamic population grating filters have been experimentally demonstrated using two counter-propagating fields in a fiber amplifier [2,3]. This technique makes it possible to obtain a filter with variable parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength-dependent transition time of gain saturation in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

2015

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interferometers [6,7]. In these phenomena, the erbium population difference between the ground level 4 I 15/2 and the metastable level 4 I 13/2 was controlled dynamically by introducing resonant pulses. When this type of amplifier is initially pumped, i.e., when the erbium population is in the population inversion condition, the population can be changed from the gain condition to the gain saturation condition through stimulated emission. To enable application of such dynamic effects, it is essential to evaluate the temporal behavior of amplifier gain. In particular, the transition time between the two conditions should be one of the main parameters to be studied.We have previously proposed time-resolved measurement techniques to probe the transient populations of EDFAs using a directly modulated laser diode as a light source. Direct modulation of the laser diode allowed us to obtain the variable pulse parameters freely, including the pulse width, the pulse number, and the pulse interval. The population recovery time in an EDFA was measured via a pump-probe technique [8]. A self-probe method was also applied to study gain saturation dynamics induced by signal pulses in EDFAs [9, 10].However, one advantage of the use of EDFAs is their broadband operation with bandwidths of over 30 nm. The transient properties of an EDFA may depend on the wavelength at which the stimulated emission occurs, because the emission and absorption cross sections generally show wavelength dependence. Therefore, a study of the wavelength-dependent gain dynamics will provide significant information that will be useful for a wide range of applications.In this paper, we report on the wavelength dependence of the transition time from the gain condition to the gain saturation condition as induced by a single signal pulse in an EDFA. To evaluate the transition time, we applied Abstract We report a study of the wavelength dependence of the gain saturation transition time in an erbiumdoped fiber amplifier. A self-probe method that enables us to probe the change of population in an amplifier by using a pulse to induce that change was used to evaluate the transition time over a wavelength range from 1528 to 1559 nm. It was found that the transition time changed from 400 ns to 1.65 μs with increasing wavelength. The wavelength dependence of the transition time was then analyzed using a model to describe the temporal evolution of the erbium population at the input end of a fiber based on McCumber theory.

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GeAs₂ Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast and Ultranarrow Photonic Applications

Liu

Feng

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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As a new IV-V group semiconductor, germanium-diarsenide (GeAs 2 ) compounds have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding optical and electrical properties, thickness-dependent bandgap, in-plane anisotropy, and excellent optical absorption. However, the potential of GeAs 2 in the field of ultrafast and ultranarrow fiber laser has not been studied. In this article, a high-quality GeAs 2 nanosheets saturable absorber (SA) is successfully prepared by liquid-phase exfoliation. The nonlinear optical characteristics of GeAs 2 nanosheets have been investigated based on a balanced twin-detector measurement system. The modulation depth, nonsaturable loss, and saturation intensity are measured to be 5.2%, 24%, and 1.23 GW cm −2 , respectively. GeAs 2 has been successfully applied as an SA in an ultrafast and singlefrequency fiber laser. A stable mode-locked laser pulses operation with a duration as short as 371 fs and a repetition rate of 8.19 MHz at a wavelength of 1560 nm is achieved. Moreover, ultranarrow fiber lasers with a high signalto-noise ratio of 80 dB and a linewidth of ≈678 Hz are obtained. The findings validate that 2D GeAs 2 can be used as an SA and has promising applications in ultrafast and ultranarrow photonics.

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Loop-mirror filters based on saturable-gain or -absorber gratings

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Wavelength-dependent transition time of gain saturation in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

GeAs₂ Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast and Ultranarrow Photonic Applications

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Loop-mirror filters based on saturable-gain or -absorber gratings

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Dynamic Bragg gratings induced in erbium-doped fiber at phase-Modulated beams' coupling

Wavelength-dependent transition time of gain saturation in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier

GeAs2 Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast and Ultranarrow Photonic Applications

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Product

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GeAs₂ Saturable Absorber for Ultrafast and Ultranarrow Photonic Applications