Loophole or lifeline? The policy challenges of mines in care and maintenance

Pepper, Mia; Hughes, Michael; Haigh, Yvonne

doi:10.1016/j.exis.2021.01.014

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, most literatures remain either conceptual design or trials with high cost robots, i.e. Pepper [9] or CRUZR [10] that many organisations could not afford for a large scale of deployment [5,[11][12][13]. To address this timely challenge, EUREKA Robotics Centre [14] and its global strategic collaborators aim to iteratively design-test-enhanced affordable and bionic robotic nurse.…”

Section: Background Of the First Robotic Nurse In Walesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the First Robotic Nurses: Humanoid Robot Nightingale and Partners for COVID-19 Preventive Design

Chew

Lee

Yang

et al. 2022

Mechanisms and Machine Science

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Responding to these global COVID-19 changes for daily healthcare services clinic, while maintaining safe social distancing, the paper reports the humancentred iterative design with real-fields feasibility inquiries to investigate the first robotic nurse and her partners in Wales. The research adapted the ancient Eastern human nature of seven emotions and six biological wills for the selection criteria and novel design principles for the care robots. We report the preliminary work for integrating, customising, implementing and evaluating three novel robotic nurses: Robot Nightingale, Robot Almeida and Robot Eureka in a care home and a hospital. Bionic Scenarios Definition with 5 merging principles are extracted from the Feasibility Inquiries 1-3. Limitations are discussed from the stakeholders' experiences. Our research has no intension to replace human nurses, but a thoughtful feasibility and interdisciplinary study for bionic robotic nurses for conventional engineers' and practitioners' references.

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Section: Background Of the First Robotic Nurse In Walesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the First Robotic Nurses: Humanoid Robot Nightingale and Partners for COVID-19 Preventive Design

Chew

Lee

Yang

et al. 2022

Mechanisms and Machine Science

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“…These estimates provide a snapshot of a phenomenon that can take place at any time over the life of a mining operation. Governments are cautious about mining projects moving into care and maintenance, with the move considered an early indicator of abandonment by the operator. , Sustained periods of care and maintenance threaten long-term economic viability of the asset as it effectively halts production while maintaining fixed costs. During care and maintenance periods, activity levels and number of people on site are brought to a minimum, and social and environmental programs are frequently cut.…”

Section: Common Forms Of Disruption In the Mine Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the S&P database does not record such behavior, high rates of ownership changes are a red flag. Recent literature indicates that this particular cost avoidance tactic is commonplace. ,,, The Responsible Mining Foundation advocates for thorough due diligence in cases of ownership transfer to ensure social and environmental legacies are known and accounted for . Some jurisdictions are tightening conditions around ownership changes to avoid incurring large unfunded closure and abandonment legacies…”

Section: Common Forms Of Disruption In the Mine Life Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This usually happens in jurisdictions that lack the regulatory instruments to prevent or penalize such behavior. However, even mature mining jurisdictions have loopholes that allow mining companies to avoid responsibility. , The S&P data does not yield information on the scale of voluntary and avoidable disruptions; however, in the absence of effective regulatory safeguards (a pattern often noted in the literature, e.g., refs , , , and ), one can assume that mining companies would seize opportunities for cost minimization.…”

Section: Returning To the Macroeconomic Roots Of Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global Scan of Disruptions to the Mine Life Cycle: Price, Ownership, and Local Impact

Lèbre

Owen

Stringer

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Criticality and supply risk models seek to address concerns of potential disruption to global metal supply. These models need to incorporate disruption events that arise from within the mining industry’s market structure. In this paper, we review what we refer to as events of “mine life cycle disruption”. These include project abandonments, premature closures, care and maintenance, and ownership changes. Life cycle disruptions not only cause production disruptions but also embed social and environmental risks in global metal markets. They arise from the highly variable business environment in which the resources sector operates. Changing commodity prices directly influence mining revenues and drive decisions on whether to halt or push forward a project. While some disruptions are involuntary and induced by external economic conditions, others are purposefully triggered by certain mining companies that use them to their advantage. We examine the frequency of these disruptions based on a contemporary global inventory of 35,000 mining projects and present the findings against recent developments in the research literature. We conclude that life cycle disruption events are an important consideration in balancing the demand for metals and the social and environmental impacts of mining and propose pathways for managing these events and their effects.

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“…The recovery of areas impacted by waste disposal, especially those with the potential to generate acid drainage, is one of the most pressing environmental problems that the mining industry is facing. Also, high rehabilitation costs allied with lack of closure planning, commodity prices volatility and other expenses are key factors that increases mine abandonment or premature closure risk (Pepper et al 2021). Moreover, there is always metal content in the waste and tailings that are left behind.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the quantitative and qualitative limits of the applicability of the multi-stage dumping sequence in open pit mining

Kuckartz,

Victoria,

Peroni

2022

Mining Technology: Transactions of the Institutions of Mining a

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Environmental issues and sustainability are currently being discussed and studied in several areas of mining technology; combining these issues with improved mining operation and management is part of strategic mine planning. Waste management plays an important role in this process, as an alternative way of minimising environmental impacts and achieving more attractive economic scenarios, such as backfilling the pit. This study aimed to evaluate the application of the multi-stage dumping sequence (MSDS) in conjunction with in-pit deposition strategy for a phosphate mine providing general orientations and limits of applicability of the method. The MSDS makes use of temporary waste dumps which gives operational flexibility regarding waste management while reducing the Net Present Cost (NPC) (up to 8% in this study) compared with the traditional and sometimes untouchable rule of no re-handling approach during waste disposal.

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Loophole or lifeline? The policy challenges of mines in care and maintenance

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Investigating the First Robotic Nurses: Humanoid Robot Nightingale and Partners for COVID-19 Preventive Design

Investigating the First Robotic Nurses: Humanoid Robot Nightingale and Partners for COVID-19 Preventive Design

Global Scan of Disruptions to the Mine Life Cycle: Price, Ownership, and Local Impact

Establishing the quantitative and qualitative limits of the applicability of the multi-stage dumping sequence in open pit mining

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