LoRaWAN End Nodes: Security and Energy Efficiency Analysis

Mehić, Miralem; Duliman, Mugdim; Selimovic, Nejra; Vozňák, Miroslav

doi:10.1016/j.aej.2022.02.035

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Conversely, the ABP mode is simpler to deploy as it does not require a join procedure; however, this simplicity comes at the expense of security. In ABP mode, end-devices retain the same session keys for their entire operational lifespan, making the method less secure in comparison to OTAA [32], [33]. The key distinctions between OTAA and ABP activation modes are outlined in Table 4, which provides a summary of their differences.…”

Section: ) General Lorawan Security Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing LoRaWAN Security: An Advanced AES-Based Cryptographic Approach

Abboud,

Abdoun

2024

IEEE Access

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The unique set of LoRaWAN design prerequisites, which include low power consumption, costeffectiveness, and high scalability, requires its security protocols to be equally robust and enduring, especially since devices are often deployed for extended durations in the field. This research paper elucidates a novel cryptographic method for LoRaWAN, hinged on the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) employing a 256-bit key. The efficacy and efficiency of the proposed cryptographic solution are analyzed through a comprehensive performance evaluation. Key performance indicators include the security metric, network throughput, and energy utilization of end-devices. It was observed that augmenting the key size from 128 to 256 bits notably bolsters the resilience of LoRaWAN against various cyber attacks. The results also indicate a marginal disparity between the proposed AES256-based method and the existing AES128-based method with regards to network throughput and energy consumption. However, the enhanced security provided by the AES256 standard underscores its potential as a viable cryptographic method for LoRaWAN, providing a favorable balance between improved security and operational performance.

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Section: ) General Lorawan Security Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing LoRaWAN Security: An Advanced AES-Based Cryptographic Approach

Abboud,

Abdoun

2024

IEEE Access

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“…Meanwhile, paper [10] discusses experimental tests focusing on the energy efficiency and security of Lo-RaWAN end devices (WisNode RAK811 and Seeeduino SX1301). In the security aspect, the experiment depicted that Activation By Personalization (ABP) mode is a more energy-efficient solution that comes at the sacrifice of security.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Signature Method to Overcome Sniffing Attacks on LoRaWAN Network

Lestari

Suryani

Wardana

2022

Int. j. electr. comput. eng. syst. (Online)

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LoRa or Long Range with LoRaWAN technology is a protocol for low-power wireless networks. The absence of an encryption process on the data payload becomes a challenge for the LoRaWAN network. When the process of sending messages is running inter devices, sniffing might occur, thereby reducing the confidentiality aspect of the data communication process. This paper optimized the digital signature method to secure messages sent by LoRaWAN network devices, along with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm and Ed25519 algorithm. AES was used for message encryption, while Ed25519 was used for signature purposes. The aim of applying digital signatures in this paper was to verify that the payload data sent was original and not changed during the transmission process and to ensure data confidentiality. The addition of security mechanisms to the LoRaWAN network, such as the process of encryption, decryption, and verification results, has caused some overheads. The overhead caused by the usage of a digital signature is also analyzed to ensure that the digital signature is feasible to be implemented in LoRa devices. Based on the experimental results, it was found that there was an increase in the size of memory usage and some additional processing delay during the deployment of digital signatures for LoRa devices. The overall overhead caused by implementing digital signatures on the LoRa devices was relatively low, making it possible to implement it on the LoRa network widely.

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A deep experimental analysis of energy‐proficient firewall policies and security practices for resource limited wireless networks

Rajasoundaran,

Sivakumar,

Devaraju

et al. 2024

Security and Privacy

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The role of firewalls and security principles in resource‐limited wireless networks and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is more expected than in any dedicated network environment. The advanced wireless technologies and emerging fashion of autonomous wireless network nodes are mostly expecting resilient firewall services with multi‐level security policies. Wireless networks are classified under sensor networks, Internet of Things (IoT) mobile networks, and so forth. According to the expectations, security frameworks are gradually invented around the communication platform using various ideologies. The novel ideology and respective implementation effort open better solutions against wireless network attacks. Anyhow, the minimal production of time complexity, energy complexity, and computation overhead from any novel security approach is always considered under the best practices. The complexity levels directly affect the wireless node's energy consumption ability and operational spans severely. The energy optimization techniques and load‐balancing techniques integrated into multi‐class firewall rules are extremely useful solutions for resource‐limited wireless networks. This article has been motivated to analyze the recent firewall techniques and secure data communication mechanisms used for securing wireless networks. Consequently, the practice of comparative literature analysis helps to improve the current limitations identified under the classified categories of security mechanisms such as energy‐optimized security principles and load‐balanced security principles. The establishment of secure and energy‐optimized multi‐class firewall rules in each wireless node assures a healthy focus on next‐generation networks. The experiment section shows the benefits of energy‐optimized secure network communication in terms of better accuracy and the benefits of load‐balanced secure network communication through minimal overhead in computing platforms.

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LoRaWAN End Nodes: Security and Energy Efficiency Analysis

Cited by 11 publications

References 23 publications

Enhancing LoRaWAN Security: An Advanced AES-Based Cryptographic Approach

Enhancing LoRaWAN Security: An Advanced AES-Based Cryptographic Approach

Digital Signature Method to Overcome Sniffing Attacks on LoRaWAN Network

A deep experimental analysis of energy‐proficient firewall policies and security practices for resource limited wireless networks

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