LoRB: Link-oriented resource balancing scheme for hybrid C/C+L band elastic optical networks

Bao, Bowen; Yang, Hui; Yao, Qiuyan; Li, Chao; Sun, Zhengjie; Zhang, Jie; Liu, Sheng; Li, Yunbo

doi:10.1016/j.yofte.2022.103071

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…A single FS serves as a guard band, separating individual requests [30]. The total FS of the C band is 358, while the L band is 558 [31]. It is assumed that the arrival process λ adheres to the Poisson process, and the holding time µ of each request follows a negative exponential distribution [32].…”

Section: Simulation Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation and ISRS-Aware Survivable Routing, Band, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation Algorithm in Multi-Band Elastic Optical Networks

Liu,

Feng,

Shen

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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The C+L band elastic optical networks (C+L-EONs) increase the network capacity significantly. However, the introduction of an L band enhances the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering effect (ISRS), consequently deteriorating the quality of transmission (QoT) of the signal. Furthermore, spectrum allocation leads to spectrum fragmentation inevitably, which escalates the bandwidth blocking rate. In addition, in C+L-EONs, a single fiber carries more services, and once one of the links fails, a huge number of requests will be interrupted, resulting in huge economic losses. Therefore, this paper proposes a survivability routing, band, modulation, and spectrum allocation (RBMSA) algorithm that effectively guarantees service survivability and reduces the impact of ISRS and spectrum fragmentation. The algorithm employs shared backup path protection and a band partitioning method, whereby the spectrum resource of the primary path is assigned in the L band and the backup path is assigned in the C band in order to minimize the impact of ISRS on the QoT of the request while ensuring the survivability of the network. Furthermore, a fragmentation metric accounting for both the free and shared spectrum resource is proposed to mitigate both free and shared spectrum fragmentation. The simulation results reveal that the proposed RBMSA algorithm reduces the bandwidth blocking probability (BBP) and the fragmentation rate (FR) by 47.7% and 21.3%, respectively, and improves the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) by 4.17 dB in NSFNET. In COST239, the BBP, FR, and OSNR are 22.1%, 21.5%, and 4.71 dB, respectively.

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Section: Simulation Results and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragmentation and ISRS-Aware Survivable Routing, Band, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation Algorithm in Multi-Band Elastic Optical Networks

Liu,

Feng,

Shen

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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“…Regarding the operation of MB-EONs, several works have focused on partially migrated networks, i.e., hybrid C/C + L networks, where just a subset of the links have been upgraded to exploit the C + L-bands. Bao et al [27] proposed a technique called link-oriented resource balancing (LoRB) to select a block of frequency slots for spectrum assignment such that the contiguous available resource separation degree (CARSD) for the transmission path is minimum. Yao et al [18] proposed an RBMLSA algorithm for hybrid C/C + L networks, which is aware of the interactive effect of the ISRS impairment that new requests might have on the existing requests.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, different policies for the spectrum assignment under a hybrid C/C + L network were introduced. However, [27] and [18] do not address how to plan the C/C + L network, i.e., how to determine which subset of links should provide C + L transmission capabilities.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration of elastic optical networks to the C + L-bands subject to a partial upgrade of the number of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

Hosseini¹,

Miguel²,

Álvarez³

et al. 2023

J. Opt. Commun. Netw.

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Space division multiplexing (SDM) and band division multiplexing (BDM) are considered promising technologies to increase the capacity of optical transport networks. The progressive shortage of available dark fibers and the immaturity of multicore and multimode fibers for multichannel transmission induce network operators to postpone the process of capacity enhancement through SDM. Therefore, capacity increase revolves around BDM by lighting up at least the L-band of the already installed optical fiber infrastructure, which is a practical solution in the short to middle term. However, L-band activation requires the upgrade of network components such as erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs). To manage the imposed cost while leveraging the L-band, a network can be partially rather than fully migrated in a single step by upgrading just a subset of the fibers and thus a subset of EDFAs to operate in the C+L-bands. In this paper, the focus is set on determining which fibers in the network should be upgraded to exploit the L-band, subject to a constraint on the maximum number of EDFAs to be upgraded, and analyzing its impact on network performance when facing dynamic traffic in terms of the blocking ratio. To this end, three heuristic algorithms, each pursuing a different objective, and two of them based on an integer linear programming (ILP) formulation, are proposed for the network planning to identify which fibers to upgrade. Simulation results demonstrate that, thanks to the use of these heuristics, the upgrade of a partial set of links to the C+L line system is a viable solution for network operators to circumvent the huge cost associated with migrating the full network. For instance, we demonstrate that a strategic partial upgrade using the proposed methods, subject to upgrading a maximum of 60% of the EDFAs, can significantly boost the supported traffic load in the examined topologies, ranging from 175% to 322%, when compared to the non-upgraded network.

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“…In 2022, Bao et al [24] have suggested an approach called "Link-Oriented Resource Balancing (LoRB)" in the EONs that allocated the life path request spectrum based on the minimal path. The solutions represented that the developed LoRB model could decrease the blocking likelihood and enhance the usage of resources contrasted with the existing EONs.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It provides unrealistic solutions. LoRB scheme [24] enhances the resource utilization. It decreases the blocking probability.…”

Section: Research Gaps and Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

WITHDRAWN: Hybrid BSO+BMO: An Optimal Routing of Adaptive Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism for Link Failure Detection in Elastic Optical Network

Sahana¹,

Sairam²

2023

Preprint

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Because of the enhancement in the data center services, the “Elastic Optical Network (EON)” is a very successive framework to interlink the information centers. The EON can elastically provide a spectrum tailored for multiple needs of bandwidths. In the link failure case, confirming the high stage “Quality of Service (QoS)” for candidate requests after the fault leads to an experiment focus. With the help of the modern digital signal processing approaches and developments in the integrated circuits and the coherent receivers in EON is able to estimate the link failures in the present time. The high-speed network survivability is highly important. When the sizes of the network get enhanced, the likelihood of the node and link impairment is also enhanced. Therefore, to predict the link impairment in EON, an adaptive technique is necessary. To accomplish this objective, a novel methodology is proposed using hybrid heuristic improvement. In the first stage, the required data is gathered and fed into the link failure detection model. The novel method is named an Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling – 1 Dimensional Convolution Neural Network with Attention mechanism (ASPP-1DCNN-AM), in which some of the hyper-parameters are tuned by proposing the hybrid algorithm as Iteration-aided Position of Beetle and Barnacles Mating (IPBBM). After forecasting the failure link, the model is in need of finding the optimal routing for better communication. Here, the optimal path is identified by using the IPBBM algorithm. Finally, the validation is done using divergent measurements and in contrast with traditional models. Hence, the designed system demonstrates that it achieves the higher detection results to make the data transmission effectively.

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LoRB: Link-oriented resource balancing scheme for hybrid C/C+L band elastic optical networks

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Fragmentation and ISRS-Aware Survivable Routing, Band, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation Algorithm in Multi-Band Elastic Optical Networks

Fragmentation and ISRS-Aware Survivable Routing, Band, Modulation, and Spectrum Allocation Algorithm in Multi-Band Elastic Optical Networks

Migration of elastic optical networks to the C + L-bands subject to a partial upgrade of the number of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers

WITHDRAWN: Hybrid BSO+BMO: An Optimal Routing of Adaptive Deep Learning Approach with Attention Mechanism for Link Failure Detection in Elastic Optical Network

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