Lord Bryce's Investigation into Alleged German Atrocities in Belgium, 1914-15

Abstract

The first half of 1915 was a special time of hate in Britain: for in this phase of the Great War atrocity-mongering reached its peak.Tales of outrages committed by Germans replenished the queues at the recruiting offices and triggered off indiscriminate violence in Britain against residents of German origin or (supposed) pro-German sympathies. But more importantly, they reinforced the conviction thatalthough the end of the struggle might be much farthei off than had initially been expectedno resolution of the conflict was acceptable short of total victory. The principal atrocity, of course, was war itself. The grievous casualties (if small by later standards) suffered by British forces at Second Ypres and Neuve Chapelle and Cape Helles imposed on a growing number of British families a heavy deprivation, and one only acceptable because it could be seen as a stepping-stone to their nation's ultimate triumph. But in addition to the established round of death by gunfire, a series of events rendered Germany peculiarly repugnant at this time. These were the use of poison gas against British combatants; the first Zeppelin raids upon British cities; the sinking of the passenger-liner Lusitania; and the publication of the Bryce Report, which proclaimed German forces guilty of widespread sadistic outrages during the invasion of Belgium. It was a particular stimulant to hate that, in all but one of these excep-

Fake News durante la Primera Guerra Mundial: Estudio de su representatividad en las portadas de la prensa española (ABC Madrid)

“…(cfr. Wilson, 1979;Ryley, 2008). Cabe reseñar que el material anterior a este informe estaba fundamentado en los diarios de los soldados alemanes, donde abiertamente contaban las atrocidades cometidas.…”

The afterlife of an infamous gaffe

“…Such voices drowned out the few British newspapers which, like the Daily Telegraph and Daily Herald, warned against demonizing the Germans in July-August 1914 (Schramm 2007, 420-422). During the months and years following the outbreak of the war, the denunciatory characterization of Germans-as-Huns was repeated and seemingly backed up by further atrocity reports from Belgium and France and, later, by the U-boat and Zeppelin warfare or the execution of the British nurse Edith Cavell (Bryce 1915;Pickles 2007;Wilson 1979;Zuckerman 2004). In 1917 it featured in a particularly fanciful accountwhat we would call today "fake-news" -, i.e.…”

Propaganda British di Tanah Melayu pada Zaman Perang Dunia Pertama (1914-1916) (British Propaganda in Malaya during The World War One (1914-1916))

“…Keberkesanan Laporan Bryce juga diakui oleh C.F.G Masterman yang bertanggungjawab menguruskan propaganda British. Beliau menyatakan kepada Bryce dalam suratnya pada 7 Jun yang menyatakan laporan Bryce telah mempengaruhi Amerika Syarikat untuk bersimpati terhadap British dan sekutunya (Trevor Wilson, 1979).…”

“…Propaganda British dalam mempengaruhi raja-raja Melayu adalah Jerman yang melanggar perjanjian antarabangsa iaitu dengan menyerang Belgium. Jerman telah dipropagandakan sebagai watak E-ISSN: 2289-1528 https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2018-3404-02 jahat yang mengheret British ke dalam Perang Dunia Pertama (Trevor Wilson, 1979). Oleh itu Turki yang menyebelahi Jerman yang dipropagandakan sebagai negara yang kejam telah mencemarkan nama baik Turki sebagai sebuah negara Islam.…”