Lorentz Invariance Violation Limits from the Spectral-lag Transition of GRB 190114C

Du, Shen-Shi; Lin, Li; Wei, Junjie; Zhou, Z.; Jiang, Lu-Yao; Zhang, Bin-Bin; Liu, Zi-Ke; Wu, Xue-Feng; Liang, En‐Wei; Zhu, Zong-Hong

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abc624

Cited by 37 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…More striking regularity is that 9 out of these 14 photons falls very nicely on a same mainline, giving a strong indication of a light speed variation suppressed by a single power of the Planck scale. 5 It is worth noting that such a LIV scale ( 21) is consistent with various constraints from high-energy γ-ray observations of pulsars [36,37,38,39], active galactic nuclei (AGNs) [40,41,42,43,44] as well as GRBs [6,7,8,45,46,47,48,49,50] and it is also compatible with the strongest robust limit to date [51] from a recent study on 8 Fermi-LAT GRBs with bright emissions in multi-GeV energies [52]. We need to mention that there can be more stringent limits on this characteristic scale of LIV from individual analyses of flaring PKS 2155-304 [53,54], 6 short GRB 090510 [5,56,57] or striking TeV event of GRB 190114C lately found by MAGIC [58,59], which tend to place lower bounds E LIV (0.1 − 10) × E Pl , stronger than that in Eq.…”

Section: Velocity Dispersion Of Light In the D-particle Quantumgravitational Foam Mediumsupporting

confidence: 79%

Light speed variation with brane/string-inspired space-time foam

2021

Results in Physics

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Recently a series of studies on high energy gamma-ray burst (GRB) photons suggest a light speed variation with linear energy dependence at the Lorentz violation scale of 3.6 × 10 17 GeV, with subluminal propagation of high energy photons in cosmological space. We propose stringy space-time foam as a possible interpretation for this light speed variation. In such a string-inspired scenario, bosonic photon open-string travels in vacuo at an infraluminal speed with an energy dependence suppressed by a single power of the string mass scale, due to the foamy structure of space-time at small scales, as described by D-brane objects in string theory. We present a derivation of this deformed propagation speed of the photon field in the infrared (IR) regime. We show that the light speed variation, revealed in the previous studies on GRBs time-delay data, can be well described within such a string approach towards space-time foam. We also derive the value of the effective quantum-gravity mass in this framework, and give a qualitative study on the theory-dependent coefficients. We comment that stringent constraints on Lorentz violation in the photon sector from complementary astrophysical observations can also be explained and understood in the space-time foam context.

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Section: Velocity Dispersion Of Light In the D-particle Quantumgravitational Foam Mediumsupporting

confidence: 79%

Light speed variation with brane/string-inspired space-time foam

2021

Results in Physics

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“…Incorporating the LIV effect into the fit, the lower limits of linear and quadratic quantum gravity energy are derived for each burst. The typical lower limits of E QG,1 1.5 × 10 14 GeV and E QG,2 8 × 10 5 GeV of our study are consistent with, and sometimes deeper than, those of previous case studies, such as for GRB 160625B (Wei et al 2017) and GRB 190114C (Du et al 2021).…”

Section: Summary and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In order to further constrain the LIV effect, the most optimal use of lag to date has been to fit the keV-MeV multi-wavelength measurements of spectral lags, including their positive-to-negative transitions, with a model incorporating LIV information. A fit of this type yields some deeper limits on the QG energy (see e.g., Wei et al 2017;Du et al 2021). This approach has, however, only been applied in a few GRBs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Lag Transition of 32 Fermi Gamma-ray Bursts and their Application on Constraining Lorentz Invariance Violation

Liu¹,

Zhang²,

Meng³

2022

Preprint

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The positive-to-negative transition of spectral lag is an uncommon feature reported in a small number of GRBs. An application of such a feature has been made to constrain the critical quantum gravity energy (E QG ) of the light photons under the hypothesis that the Lorentz invariance might be violated. Motivated by previous case studies, this paper systematically examined the up-to-date Fermi/GBM GRB sample for the lag transition feature to establish a comprehensive physical limit on the Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV). This search resulted in 32 GRBs with redshift available, which exhibit the lag-transition phenomenon. We first fit each of the lag-E relations of the 32 GRBs with an empirical smoothly broken power law function, and found that the lag transition occurs typically at about 400 keV. We then implemented the LIV effect into the fit, which enabled us to constrain the lower limit of the linear and quadratic values of E QG , which are typically distributed at 1.5 × 10 14 GeV and 8 × 10 5 GeV, respectively.

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“…A turn-over presents at the lag v.s. ∆E plot, which has noticed in some other long GRBs (e.g., Wei et al 2017;Du et al 2021).…”

Section: Spectral Lagssupporting

confidence: 55%

GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions

Wang,

Zheng,

Xiao

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The Chinese CubeSat Mission, Gamma Ray Integrated Detectors (GRID), recently detected its first gamma-ray burst, GRB 210121A, which was jointly observed by the Gravitational wave high-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor (GECAM). This burst is confirmed by several other missions, including Fermi and Insight-HXMT. We combined multi-mission observational data and performed a comprehensive analysis of the burst's temporal and spectral properties. Our results show that the burst is special in its high peak energy, thermal-like low energy indices, and large fluence. By putting it to the E p -E γ,iso relation diagram with assumed distance, we found this burst can be constrained at the redshift range of [0.3,3.0]. The thermal spectral component is also confirmed by the direct fit of the physical models to the observed spectra. Interestingly, the physical photosphere model also constrained a redshift of z ∼ 0.3 for this burst, which help us to identify a host galaxy candidate at such a distance within the location error box. Assuming the host galaxy is real, we found the burst can be best explained by the photosphere emission of a typical fireball with an initial radius of r 0 ∼ 6.7 × 10 7 cm.

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Lorentz Invariance Violation Limits from the Spectral-lag Transition of GRB 190114C

Cited by 37 publications

References 59 publications

Light speed variation with brane/string-inspired space-time foam

Light speed variation with brane/string-inspired space-time foam

Spectral Lag Transition of 32 Fermi Gamma-ray Bursts and their Application on Constraining Lorentz Invariance Violation

GRB 210121A: A Typical Fireball Burst Detected by Two Small Missions

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