Lose biodiversity, gain disease

McCallum, Hamish

doi:10.1073/pnas.1510607112

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…If P. knowlesi infectious bites fall on humans because macaques are temporarily absent – and other biteable mammals are permanently absent from degraded forest (Civitello et al . 2015 ; Keesing and Ostfeld, 2015 ; McCallum, 2015 ) – this could have implications for interventions aimed at lowering human infection risk, particularly if macaque movement patterns are influenced by human movement patterns.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodium knowlesi transmission: integrating quantitative approaches from epidemiology and ecology to understand malaria as a zoonosis

et al. 2016

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SUMMARYThe public health threat posed by zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi appears to be growing: it is increasingly reported across South East Asia, and is the leading cause of malaria in Malaysian Borneo. Plasmodium knowlesi threatens progress towards malaria elimination as aspects of its transmission, such as spillover from wildlife reservoirs and reliance on outdoor-biting vectors, may limit the effectiveness of conventional methods of malaria control. The development of new quantitative approaches that address the ecological complexity of P. knowlesi, particularly through a focus on its primary reservoir hosts, will be required to control it. Here, we review what is known about P. knowlesi transmission, identify key knowledge gaps in the context of current approaches to transmission modelling, and discuss the integration of these approaches with clinical parasitology and geostatistical analysis. We highlight the need to incorporate the influences of fine-scale spatial variation, rapid changes to the landscape, and reservoir population and transmission dynamics. The proposed integrated approach would address the unique challenges posed by malaria as a zoonosis, aid the identification of transmission hotspots, provide insight into the mechanistic links between incidence and land use change and support the design of appropriate interventions.

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Section: Challenges and Opportunitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmodium knowlesi transmission: integrating quantitative approaches from epidemiology and ecology to understand malaria as a zoonosis

et al. 2016

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“…At present, there is little evidence to show that the promotion of human health, reduction of NCD risk, and the minimization of psychological distress are sitting along a neatly defined and universal continuum in favor of the countryside and biodiversity [ 101 , 102 ]. The role of biodiversity loss in elevated communicable disease risk is becoming more clear [ 103 ]. As yet, early life experience with microbial exposure via traditional lifestyles has not been proven to differentially alter later-life immune responses in complex mental disorders such as depression [ 104 ].…”

Section: Philia Overload: Ecodiversity and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural environments, nature relatedness and the ecological theater: connecting satellites and sequencing to shinrin-yoku

Craig

Logan²,

Prescott

2016

J Physiol Anthropol

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Recent advances in research concerning the public health value of natural environments have been remarkable. The growing interest in this topic (often housed under terms such as green and/or blue space) has been occurring in parallel with the microbiome revolution and an increased use of remote sensing technology in public health. In the context of biodiversity loss, rapid urbanization, and alarming rates of global non-communicable diseases (many associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation), discussions of natural vis-a-vis built environments are not merely fodder for intellectual curiosity. Here, we argue for increased interdisciplinary collaboration with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms—including aerobiological and epigenetic—that might help explain some of the noted positive health outcomes. It is our contention that some of these mechanisms are related to ecodiversity (i.e., the sum of biodiversity and geodiversity, including biotic and abiotic constituents). We also encourage researchers to more closely examine individual nature relatedness and how it might influence many outcomes that are at the interface of lifestyle habits and contact with ecodiversity.

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“…Biodiversity underpins the ecosystem functioning and services on which humans largely rely (Cardinale et al., ; Isbell et al., ; McCallum, ). Communities with greater diversity are expected to have a more stable functioning, because a greater number of ecological interactions among its components should facilitate its resistance and resilience (Isbell et al., ; Lehman & Tilman, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scale dependence of the diversity–stability relationship in a temperate grassland

Zhang

Loreau

et al. 2017

Journal of Ecology

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A positive relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem stability has been reported in many ecosystems; however, it has yet to be determined whether and how spatial scale affects this relationship. Here, for the first time, we assessed the effects of alpha, beta and gamma diversity on ecosystem stability and the scale dependence of the slope of the diversity-stability relationship.By employing a long-term (33 years) dataset from a temperate grassland, northern China, we calculated the all possible spatial scales with the complete combination from the basic 1-m plots.Species richness was positively associated with ecosystem stability through species asynchrony and overyielding at all spatial scales (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 m). Both alpha and beta diversity were positively associated with gamma stability.Moreover, the slope of the diversity-area relationship was significantly higher than that of the stability-area relationship, resulting in a decline of the slope of the diversity-stability relationship with increasing area. With the positive species diversity effect on ecosystem stability from small to large spatial scales, our findings demonstrate the need to maintain a high biodiversity and biotic heterogeneity as insurance against the risks incurred by ecosystems in the face of global environmental changes.

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Lose biodiversity, gain disease

Cited by 21 publications

References 18 publications

Plasmodium knowlesi transmission: integrating quantitative approaches from epidemiology and ecology to understand malaria as a zoonosis

Plasmodium knowlesi transmission: integrating quantitative approaches from epidemiology and ecology to understand malaria as a zoonosis

Natural environments, nature relatedness and the ecological theater: connecting satellites and sequencing to shinrin-yoku

Scale dependence of the diversity–stability relationship in a temperate grassland

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