2002
DOI: 10.1002/app.10432
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Loss and transformation products of the aromatic antioxidants in MDPE film under long‐term exposure to biotic and abiotic conditions

Abstract: ABSTRACT:The loss of a primary phenolic antioxidant Irganox 1010 and of a secondary phosphite antioxidant Irgafos 168 from a medium density polyethylene film (MDPE) was investigated after exposure of the film for 4 years to different environments such as aqueous media at pH5 and 7, open air, and compost, with an exposure of exposition of 25°C. An ultrasonic extraction technique using chloroform as extraction solvent was applied to recover the residual antioxidants from the polymeric matrix, and this was follow… Show more

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Cited by 44 publications
(24 citation statements)
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“…Two additional compounds in the polar fractions appear to be related to the degradation of hindered phenolic antioxidants: compound I tentatively identified as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-benzoquinone and compound III as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (Table 4). 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-benzoquinone was found among degradation products of polyethylene plastic films containing high molecular weight BHT-based antioxidants Irganox-1010 (pentaerythrityl tetrakis(3-(3 0 ,5 0 -di-tert-butyl-4 0 -hydroxyphenyl)propionate)) and Irgafos-168 (tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite) and is a common product of oxidation of such hindered phenols (Haider and Karlsson, 2002). 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid arises from the alteration of BHT (Mikami et al, 1979).…”
Section: Example 2: Surficial and Internal Contaminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Two additional compounds in the polar fractions appear to be related to the degradation of hindered phenolic antioxidants: compound I tentatively identified as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-benzoquinone and compound III as 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (Table 4). 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-benzoquinone was found among degradation products of polyethylene plastic films containing high molecular weight BHT-based antioxidants Irganox-1010 (pentaerythrityl tetrakis(3-(3 0 ,5 0 -di-tert-butyl-4 0 -hydroxyphenyl)propionate)) and Irgafos-168 (tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite) and is a common product of oxidation of such hindered phenols (Haider and Karlsson, 2002). 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzoic acid arises from the alteration of BHT (Mikami et al, 1979).…”
Section: Example 2: Surficial and Internal Contaminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However plastics contain a wide range of compounds which have the potential to migrate into material stored in close proximity, some of which are also found in ancient materials (52)(53)(54). Some plastics exude fatty acids (53,55) which are the biomarker compounds for degraded fats (3,6,8) but fatty acids are also shed from the surface of human skin and will be deposited on any artifact which is handled (6,56). Human skin lipids and other animal fats also contain the sterol cholesterol, used as an indicator of animal origin in degraded fats, which can sometimes be deposited on surfaces by contact with hands (6,56,57).…”
Section: Contaminationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The extended results of this study showed that the degradation of polymeric materials and the rate of degradation within the human body depend on the biotic degradation, on the surrounding body environment and also the applied drug treatment. In addition to MALDI TOF MS, Gas Chromatography (GC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) are widely used for determination of low molecular weight compounds, as reported in several studies (Haider and Karlsson, 2002, Hillborg et al, 2001, Khabbaz et al, 2000, Flassbeck et al, 2001, Flassbeck et al, 2003, Gruemping and Hirner, 1999. The oxidative degradation of medical polymers occurs inside the human body and can be monitored in simulated environments (Backman et al, 2009, Kaali et al, 2010b.…”
Section: Degradation Mechanisms Of Medical Polymersmentioning
confidence: 99%