Loss of Carotenoids in Stored Commercial and High‐Carotenoid Yellow Corn, <i>Zea mays</i> L.<sup>1</sup>

Dua, P. N.; Day, Elbert J.; Grogan, C. O.

doi:10.2134/agronj1965.00021962005700050030x

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It was reported that commercial high-carotenoid yellow maize lines lost about 30-56 % of provitamin A content during long-term storage (Quackenbush 1963;Dua et al 1965). In case of yellow wheat, approximately 20-48 % total provitamin A was lost when stored even at 20°C for 20 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

Gayen

Ali

Sarkar

et al. 2015

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase enzyme activity reduces degradation of carotenoids of bio-fortified rice seeds which would be an effective tool to reduce huge post-harvest and economic losses of bio-fortified rice seeds during storage. Bio-fortified provitamin A-enriched rice line (golden rice) expressing higher amounts of β-carotene in the rice endosperm provides vitamin A for human health. However, it is already reported that degradation of carotenoids during storage is a major problem. The gene responsible for degradation of carotenoids during storage has remained largely unexplored till now. In our previous study, it has been shown that r9-LOX1 gene is responsible for rice seed quality deterioration. In the present study, we attempted to investigate if r9-LOX1 gene has any role in degradation of carotenoids in rice seeds during storage. To establish our hypothesis, the endogenous lipoxygenase (LOX) activity of high-carotenoid golden indica rice seed was silenced by RNAi technology using aleurone layer and embryo-specific Oleosin-18 promoter. To check the storage stability, LOX enzyme down-regulated high-carotenoid T3 transgenic rice seeds were subjected to artificial aging treatment. The results obtained from biochemical assays (MDA, ROS) also indicated that after artificial aging, the deterioration of LOX-RNAi lines was considerably lower compared to β-carotene-enriched transgenic rice which had higher LOX activity in comparison to LOX-RNAi lines. Furthermore, it was also observed by HPLC analysis that down-regulation of LOX gene activity decreases co-oxidation of β-carotene in LOX-RNAi golden rice seeds as compared to the β-carotene-enriched transgenic rice, after artificial aging treatment. Therefore, our study substantially establishes and verifies that LOX is a key enzyme for catalyzing co-oxidation of β-carotene and has a significant role in deterioration of β-carotene levels in the carotenoid-enriched golden rice.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

Gayen

Ali

Sarkar

et al. 2015

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The stability of carotenoids in many food crops has been examined and there generally is a loss of carotenoids during storage, especially in staple crops (www.harvestplus.org/). For instance, in studies of commercial high-carotenoid yellow maize lines, it was found that between 30 and 56% of provitamin A carotenoids were lost during long-term storage (Quackenbush, 1963;Dua et al, 1965). Yellow wheat contains significant amounts of carotenoids, but there is a 20-48% loss of both total and provitamin A carotenoids during storage at 20°C (Hidalgo and Brandolini, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Or Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Stability During Post-Harvest Storage of Potato Tubers

Yang

et al. 2012

Molecular Plant

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Provitamin A carotenoids in staple crops are not very stable during storage and their loss compromises nutritional quality. To elucidate the fundamental mechanisms underlying carotenoid accumulation and stability, we investigated transgenic potato tubers that expressed the cauliflower Orange (Or) gene. We found that the Or transgene not only promoted retention of β-carotene level, but also continuously stimulated its accumulation during 5 months of cold storage. In contrast, no increased levels of carotenoids were observed in the tubers of vector-only controls or a yellow-flesh variety during the same period of storage. The increased carotenoid accumulation was found to be associated with the formation of lipoprotein-carotenoid sequestering structures, as well as with the enhanced abundance of phytoene synthase, a key enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway. Furthermore, the provitamin A carotenoids stored were shown to be stable during simulated digestion and accessible for uptake by human intestinal absorptive cells. Proteomic analysis identified three major functional groups of proteins (i.e. heat shock proteins, glutathione-S-transferases, and carbohydrate metabolic proteins) that are potentially important in the Or-regulated carotenoid accumulation. Our results show that regulation of carotenoid sequestration capacity is an important mechanism by which carotenoid stability is regulated. Our findings suggest that induction of a proper sink structure formation in staple crops may provide the crops with a unique ability to promote and/or stabilize provitamin A accumulation during plant growth and post-harvest storage.

show abstract

“…Livingston et al (1955) found that during storage of alfalfa-containing mixed feeds, xanthophyll losses were decreased by the addition of ethoxyquin or oils. Dua et al (1965) stated that "xanthophylls generally are thought to be more stable than carotenes," but did not find differences in their relative losses in a storage study on yellow corn, although Quackenbush (1963) had found such differences in stored corn.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Xanthophyll and carotene storage stability in commercially dehydrated and freeze-dried alfalfa

Knowles¹,

Livingston²,

Nelson³

et al. 1968

J. Agric. Food Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alfalfa commercially dehydrated to yield meals with different moisture contents and freeze-dried alfalfa were subjected to accelerated storage conditions and analyzed for xanthophylls and carotene at periods extending to 12 weeks. Individual xanthophylls were determined by thin-layer chromatog-raphy. Meals which had undergone the lowest losses during dehydration suffered the highest losses during storage. Freeze-dried samples were the most stable. Ethoxyquin treatment reduced oxidative losses but isomerization losses of neoxanthin and violaxanthin continued.Research on stability of alfalfa carotenoids during storage has been largely concerned with carotene stability (Griffith and Thompson, 1949;Silker et al., 1944; Taylor and Russell, 1938; Van Der Veen and Olcott, 1967). The importance of xanthophyll content has grown, however, as alfalfa is increasingly used in poultry rations to provide desired egg and skin pigmentation. Thompson and Maclay (1952) studied xanthophyll retention in commercially dehydrated alfalfa stored at ambient temperature and concluded that xantho-

show abstract

Loss of Carotenoids in Stored Commercial and High‐Carotenoid Yellow Corn, Zea mays L.¹

Abstract: Synopsis Significant differences in losses of carotenoids were found between ground and whole corn and between types of corn as affected by time of storage.

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

The Or Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Stability During Post-Harvest Storage of Potato Tubers

Xanthophyll and carotene storage stability in commercially dehydrated and freeze-dried alfalfa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Loss of Carotenoids in Stored Commercial and High‐Carotenoid Yellow Corn, Zea mays L.1

Abstract: Synopsis Significant differences in losses of carotenoids were found between ground and whole corn and between types of corn as affected by time of storage.

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

Down-regulation of lipoxygenase gene reduces degradation of carotenoids of golden rice during storage

The Or Gene Enhances Carotenoid Accumulation and Stability During Post-Harvest Storage of Potato Tubers

Xanthophyll and carotene storage stability in commercially dehydrated and freeze-dried alfalfa

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Loss of Carotenoids in Stored Commercial and High‐Carotenoid Yellow Corn, Zea mays L.¹