Loss of volunteer blood donors because of unconfirmed enzyme immunoassay screening results. Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study

Ownby, Helen E.; Korelitz, James; Busch, MP; Williams, Alan E.; Kleinman, SH; Gilcher, Ronald O.; Nourjah, Parivash

doi:10.1046/j.1537-2995.1997.37297203524.x

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the FTA‐ABS‐negative group, lower educational level as a predictor of seroreactivity is consistent with results of a blood donor study by Ownby et al 18 That study assessed the demographic characteristics and other conditions in blood donors with false‐positive test results associated with other infectious disease marker tests. The authors concluded that false‐positive test results that appear to be associated with certain demographic characteristics or conditions differ from test to test, for reasons that are unclear 18 …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Absence of risk factors for false‐positive test results inblood donors with a reactive test result inan automated treponemal test (PK‐TP) for syphilis

2001

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Absence of risk factors for false‐positive test results inblood donors with a reactive test result inan automated treponemal test (PK‐TP) for syphilis

2001

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“…These data are in agreement with those reported in 1997 (United States) where approximately 4.0% of blood units collected were discarded due to reactive screening results. (14) In Scotland, 1.0% of all donations are reactive for at least one of the serological markers tested. (15) In a study carried out in Curitiba, Paraná State in Southern Brazil, 7.2% of blood bags were discarded because of seropositivity; the most frequent markers were anti-HBc, followed by anti- Trypanosoma cruzi, VDRL and anti-HIV 1/2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of confidential unit exclusion in screening blood donors of the regional blood bank in Londrina, Paraná State

Vogler

Saito

Spinosa

et al. 2011

Rev. Bras. Hematol. Hemoter.

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BackgroundFor transfusion purposes, blood donors must be accepted both in clinical and serological evaluations and must not have excluded their own donation using the confidential unit exclusion.AimThe objective of this study was to verify whether blood donors who choose self exclusion are more likely to be positive in serological tests than donors who do not.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was carried out of 51,861 consecutive whole blood donations from January 2004 to December 2008 at a public blood bank in Londrina, Southern Brazil.ResultsSelf exclusion was chosen in 1672 (3.2%) donations, most frequently by first-time blood donors (p-value < 0.0001), by blood donors from external collections (p-value < 0.0001), by men (p value < 0.0001) and by under 30-year-old donors (p-value < 0.0001). The frequency of positive serology was 5.3% in the group that chose self exclusion and 3.5% in the group that did not choose self exclusion (p-value < 0.0001).ConclusionsThese results show that confidential unit exclusion used in this blood bank is effective and is inexpensive. However, the diagnostic power to detect blood-borne infections was low and resulted in the discard of a high number of blood bags without any direct or indirect serologic markers of pathogens. The use of confidential unit exclusion could be replaced with molecular tests to screen blood donors.

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“…In Buenos Aires, HTLV seroindeterminate prevalence (0.127%) is higher than in non-endemic areas, such as France (0.033%) [Courouce et al, 1993] and the United States (0.035%) [Lal et al, 1992;Ownby et al, 1997;Liu et al, 1999], but lower than Brazil (0.63%) [Segurado et al, 1997], Caribbean basin (Guadalupe, 0.4%; Martinique, 0.5%) [Césaire et al, 1999;Rouet et al, 2001], and African countries (Cameroon, 11%; South Cameroon, 42%; Congo, 3%) [Tuppin et al, 1996; Indeterminate versus HTLV-II, P < 0.0001. Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Transmission of HTLV-I/II may occur by sexual contact, from mother-to-child mainly by prolonged breastfeeding, via blood products by transfusion or needle sharing [Ownby et al, 1997;Manns et al, 1999] and by solid organ transplantation [Remesar et al, 2000;Toro et al, 2003]. At mid 1980s HTLV-I/II screening at blood banks started in Japan and USA and has been gradually implemented in many other countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human T lymphotropic virus types I and II proviral sequences in Argentinian blood donors with indeterminate Western blot patterns

Mangano

Remesar

Pozo

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Virology

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Human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) seroindeterminate blood donors have been reported worldwide including Argentina. To investigate the significance of HTLV-I/II seroindeterminate Western blot (WB) patterns, we conducted an 8-year cross-sectional study. Of 86,238 Argentinian blood donors, 146 sera were reactive by screening tests. The WB results indicated that 20% were HTLV-I reactive, 8% HTLV-II reactive, 61% indeterminate, and 11% negative. The overall seroprevalence was 0.034% for HTLV-I, 0.014% for HTLV-II, and 0.103% for indeterminate. In 57 reactive specimens, HTLV-I/II provirus could be examined by type specific PCR for tax, pol, and env regions. When at least two gene fragments were amplified HTLV-I/II infection was considered confirmed. PCR results confirmed all WB seropositive samples for HTLV-I (n = 15), and HTLV-II (n = 7), and the only WB negative case was also PCR negative, showing a complete concordance between PCR and WB. However, of 34 WB seroindeterminate sera studied by PCR, in 5 was proviral DNA amplified. According to our criteria PCR confirmed one to be HTLV-I, and one HTLV-II, 3 remained indeterminate since only tax sequences were amplified. Among WB indeterminate samples tested by PCR, most of their serological profile showed reactivity to gag codified proteins but lacked env reactivities (70%). One sample with a WB gag pattern showed proviral tax sequences, but of the four samples with reactivity to env proteins GD21 (n = 3) or rgp46II (n = 1) PCR results indicated that one was HTLV-I, one was HTLV-II, and two were indeterminate (only tax sequences). In conclusion, the majority of HTLV-seroindeterminate WB donors exhibited a gag indeterminate profile lacking HTLV provirus, and were thus considered uninfected. However, seroreactivity to env proteins, in particular to GD21, may indicate infection and a follow-up study of each seroreactive blood donor should be considered.

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Loss of volunteer blood donors because of unconfirmed enzyme immunoassay screening results. Retrovirus Epidemiology Donor Study

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

Absence of risk factors for false‐positive test results inblood donors with a reactive test result inan automated treponemal test (PK‐TP) for syphilis

Absence of risk factors for false‐positive test results inblood donors with a reactive test result inan automated treponemal test (PK‐TP) for syphilis

Effectiveness of confidential unit exclusion in screening blood donors of the regional blood bank in Londrina, Paraná State

Human T lymphotropic virus types I and II proviral sequences in Argentinian blood donors with indeterminate Western blot patterns

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