Loss rates of acetone in filtered and unfiltered coastal seawater

Bruyn, Warren J. De; Clark, Catherine D.; Pagel, Lauren; Singh, Harpreet

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2013.01.003

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The biological lifetime of acetone at U1 is >80 days in surface waters and~20 days at 200 m, where in situ acetone concentrations were relatively low at 9 and 1 nM, respectively ( Table 1). The microbial acetone loss rates reported in this study are substantially lower than those of a coastal station in the Pacific Ocean, where biotic losses were estimated at 2.7 d À1 [de Bruyn et al, 2013], which if multiplied by our in situ acetone concentrations (Table 1) suggest biologically driven loss rates between 2.7 and 24 nmol L À1 d À1 . This large difference could represent differences in location.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

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Production of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the Atlantic Ocean

Dixon

Beale

2013

Geophysical Research Letters

112

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[1] The biogeochemistry of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) like methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in marine waters is poorly understood. We report the first in situ gross production rates for methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone of 49-103, 25-98, and 2-26 nmol L À1 d À1 over contrasting areas of marine productivity, including oligotrophic gyres and eutrophic upwellings. Photochemical production estimates are mostly negligible for methanol, up to 68% for acetaldehyde and up to 100% of gross production rates for acetone. Microbial surface OVOC oxidation to CO 2 accounts for between 10-50% and 0.5-13% of the methanol and acetone losses, respectively, but largely control acetaldehyde concentrations (49-100%). Biological lifetimes in a coastal upwelling vary between ≤1 day for acetaldehyde, to approximately 7 days for methanol and up to~80 days for acetone. In open oceanic environments, the lifetime of acetaldehyde ranges between 2 and 5 h, compared to 10-26 days for methanol and 5-55 days for acetone.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…This large difference could represent differences in location. Alternatively, the large spike of fully deuterated (d-6) acetone (4-26 nM or 44-288% of our in situ acetone surface concentrations determined at station 1, Table 1) used by de Bruyn et al [2013] may overestimate losses of acetone at in situ concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Production of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the Atlantic Ocean

Dixon

Beale

2013

Geophysical Research Letters

112

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“…Given the relatively high microbial acetone oxidation rates found during January/February 2011 (in this study and in de Bruyn et al, 2013), with turnover times estimated at 1.4–3.2 days, it is not presently understood what process maintains acetone levels during winter months, when average acetone concentrations are 3.4 ± 1.1 nM. Typically, during winter at L4, UV levels and phytoplankton biomass are relatively low (e.g., Smyth et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Microbial acetone oxidation in coastal seawater

et al. 2014

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Acetone is an important oxygenated volatile organic compound (OVOC) in the troposphere where it influences the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere. However, the air-sea flux is not well quantified, in part due to a lack of knowledge regarding which processes control oceanic concentrations, and, specifically whether microbial oxidation to CO2 represents a significant loss process. We demonstrate that 14C labeled acetone can be used to determine microbial oxidation to 14CO2. Linear microbial rates of acetone oxidation to CO2 were observed for between 0.75-3.5 h at a seasonally eutrophic coastal station located in the western English Channel (L4). A kinetic experiment in summer at station L4 gave a Vmax of 4.1 pmol L-1 h-1, with a Km constant of 54 pM. We then used this technique to obtain microbial acetone loss rates ranging between 1.2 and 42 pmol L-1 h-1.(monthly averages) over an annual cycle at L4, with maximum rates observed during winter months. The biological turnover time of acetone (in situ concentration divided by microbial oxidation rate) in surface waters varied from ~3 days in February 2011, when in situ concentrations were 3 ± 1 nM, to >240 days in June 2011, when concentrations were more than twofold higher at 7.5 ± 0.7 nM. These relatively low marine microbial acetone oxidation rates, when normalized to in situ concentrations, suggest that marine microbes preferentially utilize other OVOCs such as methanol and acetaldehyde.

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“…In comparison, the removal time due to microbial oxidation in the surface open ocean is on the order of 1–10 days for methanol [ Dixon et al ., ] and 5–55 days for acetone [ Dixon et al ., ]. Faster microbial acetone oxidations have been reported in winter (turnover time from <1 to 3 days) than in summer based on studies near the coast [ de Bruyn et al ., ; Dixon et al ., ]. Thus, atmospheric input alone was probably not enough to account for the mixed layer OVOC stocks during HiWinGS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air‐sea exchange of methanol and acetone during HiWinGS: Estimation of air phase, water phase gas transfer velocities

Yang

Blomquist

2014

JGR Oceans

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The air-sea fluxes of methanol and acetone were measured concurrently using a protontransfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) with the eddy covariance (EC) technique during the High Wind Gas Exchange Study (HiWinGS) in 2013. The seawater concentrations of these compounds were also measured twice daily with the same PTR-MS coupled to a membrane inlet. Dissolved concentrations near the surface ranged from 7 to 28 nM for methanol and from 3 to 9 nM for acetone. Both gases were consistently transported from the atmosphere to the ocean as a result of their low sea surface saturations. The largest influxes were observed in regions of high atmospheric concentrations and strong winds (up to 25 m s 21 ). Comparison of the total air-sea transfer velocity of these two gases (K a ), along with the in situ sensible heat transfer rate, allows us to constrain the individual gas transfer velocity in the air phase (k a ) and water phase (k w ). Among existing parameterizations, the scaling of k a from the COARE model is the most consistent with our observations. The k w we estimated is comparable to the tangential (shear driven) transfer velocity previously determined from measurements of dimethyl sulfide. Lastly, we estimate the wet deposition of methanol and acetone in our study region and evaluate the lifetimes of these compounds in the surface ocean and lower atmosphere with respect to total (dry plus wet) atmospheric deposition.

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Loss rates of acetone in filtered and unfiltered coastal seawater

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Production of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the Atlantic Ocean

Production of methanol, acetaldehyde, and acetone in the Atlantic Ocean

Microbial acetone oxidation in coastal seawater

Air‐sea exchange of methanol and acetone during HiWinGS: Estimation of air phase, water phase gas transfer velocities

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