Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

Lin, Kyaw San

doi:10.5772/intechopen.81900

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Tobacco & Alcohol use was associated with increased risk of being a defaulter. Several other studies also reported similar association13,[21][22][23][24][25] . There was increased risk of being defaulter among the DR-TB patients & who have previous history of TB.…”

supporting

confidence: 57%

Treatment adherence status of the TB patients notified from private sector and its associated factors: Findings of a secondary data analysis from West Bengal, India

Dey

Lahiri

Jha

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

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Objective: In India, yearly, estimated one million TB cases are missing from notification, mostly from private sector. The large number of patients in private sector has raised concerns for suboptimal quality of care. This study was conducted to find out the treatment adherence status among the private TB patients and factors associated with poor adherence. Data Source: Secondary project data, obtained through adherence monitoring house visit by NGO workers. Data collected by reviewing different records available with the patients & data was entered into the CommCare HQ, an open-source mobile platform designed for data collection. Methods: Descriptive observational study.Results: Default rate among private patients was 5%. Commonest reasons stated for being a defaulter were 'Medicine is not good' (30%), 'Travel' (28.6%), 'Cost of treatment' (21.8%) and 'Side effects' (11.6%). Despite best of efforts only 36.9% defaulter could be retrieved. Higher default rate was associated with 15-59 years age, males, earning member of the family, addiction, DR-TB, continuation phase of treatment, previous history of TB, presence of symptoms and inability to walk. Conclusion:Privately treated TB patients are vulnerable to non-adherence. Once defaulted, it is difficult to retrieve them. Economically productive age group is at higher risk of being defaulter.Strict adherence monitoring for private TB patients and extensive advocacy communication & social mobilization program in the community, workplaces and institutions is a need of hour.

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supporting

confidence: 57%

Treatment adherence status of the TB patients notified from private sector and its associated factors: Findings of a secondary data analysis from West Bengal, India

Dey

Lahiri

Jha

et al. 2022

Indian Journal of Tuberculosis

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“…ADRs increase the likelihood of treatment interruption. 16 17 18 19 In our study, 187 patients (28.4%) experienced ADRs in total. Among the LTFU group, 20 (74.1%) patients experiencing ADRs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Risk Factors for Unfavorable Outcomes of Tuberculosis in Korea: Implications for Patient-Centered Care in Tuberculosis Treatment

Hong,

Park,

Yong

et al. 2024

J Korean Med Sci

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Background The treatment success rate for tuberculosis (TB) has stagnated at 80–81% in South Korea, indicating unsatisfactory outcomes. Enhancing treatment success rate necessitates the development of individualized treatment approaches for each patient. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes to facilitate tailored TB care. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with active TB between January 2019 and December 2020 at a single tertiary referral center. We classified unfavorable treatment outcomes according to the 2021 World Health Organization guidelines as follows: “lost to follow-up” (LTFU), “not evaluated” (NE), “death,” and “treatment failure” (TF). Moreover, we analyzed risk factors for each unfavorable outcome using Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. Results A total of 659 patients (median age 62 years; male 54.3%) were included in the study. The total unfavorable outcomes were 28.1%: 4.6% LTFU, 9.6% NE, 9.1% deaths, and 4.9% TF. Multivariate analysis showed that a culture-confirmed diagnosis of TB was associated with a lower risk of LTFU (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.63), whereas the occurrence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) significantly increased the risk of LTFU (aHR, 6.63; 95% CI, 2.63–16.69). Patients living far from the hospital (aHR, 4.47; 95% CI, 2.50–7.97) and those with chronic kidney disease (aHR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.33–7.75) were at higher risk of being transferred out to other health institutions (NE). Higher mortality was associated with older age (aHR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04–1.09) and comorbidities. The ADRs that occurred during TB treatment were a risk factor for TF (aHR, 6.88; 95% CI, 2.24–21.13). Conclusion Unfavorable outcomes of patients with TB were substantial at a tertiary referral center, and the risk factors for each unfavorable outcome varied. To improve treatment outcomes, close monitoring and the provision of tailored care for patients with TB are necessary.

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“…Higher proportions of patient LTFU during the early periods or intensive phase of tuberculosis treatment pose a serious threat as it significantly contributes to drug resistance and transmission of TB infection to the close contacts of the patients who discontinued their treatment regimen ( 22 ). The majority of LTFU cases in this study (63.3%) occurred during the intensive phase of TB treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss to follow-up tuberculosis treatment and associated factors among adults attending at public health facilities in Warder District, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

Birhane¹,

Mekonnen

Dingeta

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundTuberculosis is a major public health problem worldwide, particularly in resource-limited countries. Loss of follow-up during treatment is one of the major obstacles in the fight against tuberculosis, which has serious implications for patients, their families, communities, and health service providers.PurposeTo assess the magnitude of the loss to follow-up tuberculosis treatment and associated factors among adults attending public health facilities in Warder District, Somali Regional State, eastern Ethiopia from November 02–17, 2021.MethodsA 5-year (from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020) retrospective study was conducted on 589 adult tuberculosis treatment records. Data were collected using a structured data extraction format. Data were analyzed using STATA version 14.0 statistical package. Variables with P < 0.05 in the multivariate logistic regression analysis were considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 98 (16.6%) TB patients failed to follow up with their treatment. Age between 55 and 64 years (AOR = 4.4, 95% CI: 1.9–9.9), being male (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.1–2.9), living more than 10 km away from a public health facility (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI:2.5–9.4), and having a history of tuberculosis treatment (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2–4.4) were associated with a higher likelihood of not following up, while having a positive initial smear result (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.24–0.96) was associated with a lower probability of not following up.ConclusionOne out of six patients was lost to follow-up after initiating their tuberculosis treatment. Hence, improving the accessibility of public health facilities with a special focus on older adults, male patients, smear-negative patients, and retreatment cases is highly warranted among TB patients.

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Loss to Follow-Up (LTFU) during Tuberculosis Treatment

Cited by 3 publications

References 89 publications

Treatment adherence status of the TB patients notified from private sector and its associated factors: Findings of a secondary data analysis from West Bengal, India

Treatment adherence status of the TB patients notified from private sector and its associated factors: Findings of a secondary data analysis from West Bengal, India

Risk Factors for Unfavorable Outcomes of Tuberculosis in Korea: Implications for Patient-Centered Care in Tuberculosis Treatment

Loss to follow-up tuberculosis treatment and associated factors among adults attending at public health facilities in Warder District, Somali Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia

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