Lossy chaotic electromagnetic reverberation chambers: Universal statistical behavior of the vectorial field

Gros, Jean-Baptiste; Kuhl, Ulrich; Legrand, Olivier; Mortessagne, Fabrice

doi:10.1103/physreve.93.032108

Cited by 23 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…by validating the setup parameters such as detector linearity (by varying the input power), but no differences were observed. A similar issue has been addressed in [59], also referring to [60], as well as in [61]. Changing the antennas indeed had an effect and is discussed in the next section.…”

Section: Q-factor Dependencymentioning

confidence: 53%

“…The work presented in [60] and more recent [59] address the issue of obtaining a different distribution than Rayleigh, depending on the selection of antennas. Apart from that, a relation between the antenna aperture and statistics of the recorded field is expected on the basis of a deviation from the theoretical assumptions of a infinitesimal (point) antenna as assumed in the PWIR theory.…”

Section: Antenna Dependencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electromagnetic fields in reverberant environments

Vogt-Ardatjew¹

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SummaryThe phenomenon of resonating electromagnetic (EM) fields has been commonly and successfully exploited in reverberation chambers (RC) for the purpose of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing, as well as modeling multipath environments. An RC is designed to maximize the amount of reflections while minimizing the losses, thus creating a statistically uniform, isotropic, and randomly polarized field. Due to the desired very high complexity of such a field, its description is best done statistically. Although largely successful, the currently used statistical models allow for a certain degree of freedom, especially with regard to defining the extreme field strengths, which are also the main cause of electromagnetic interference (EMI). Furthermore, some actual multipath, enclosed environments such as airplane fuselages, ships, or even building interiors, can unintentionally possess the ability to create enough strong reflections so that the resulting resonating EM field within them resembles the field inside a dedicated RC. Those reverberant environments (RE) can therefore utilize the methods and techniques similar to the ones used in laboratory conditions. Due to the very high complexity and diversity, resulting in increased difficulty of both numerical or analytical description of the REs, the analysis performed throughout this work is mainly experimental. Such an approach allows to bypass the often unreasonable or too generalized assumptions of the available models while utilizing purely empirical data.The initial step made in this thesis focuses on introducing REs as environments sharing multiple aspects of EM field shaping with RCs. The experimental analysis has been performed on two example REs by means of quality factor (Q-factor), insertion loss (IL), as well as goodness of fit (GOF) tests. The results, although highly variable with frequency, indicate a possible similarity to a referential RC analyzed alongside. Furthermore, due to the difficulty of collecting large amounts of data and parameter isolation in the REs, two dedicated chambers: a classical RC and the vibrating intrinsic reverberation chamber (VIRC), have been analyzed as candidates allowing to simulate an RE in laboratory conditions. By the means of Q-factor, k-factor, GOF, as well as number of samples, related to field repeatability, it has been shown that the VIRC provides substantially better conditions for the given purpose.The search of maximum field strengths in reverberant environments has been performed by exploiting the capability of the VIRC to efficiently generate large amounts of independent samples. Performing 1-hour long measurements in the VIRC allows to obtain the desired results with very high repeatability, while giving space for parameter isolation. The first hypothesis states that the maximum-to-average (max/avg) electric field ratio depends on the losses of the environment. The measurement campaign performed to test it consisted of multiple setups with highly spread Q-factors, additionally creating a link between...

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Section: Q-factor Dependencymentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: Antenna Dependencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Electromagnetic fields in reverberant environments

Vogt-Ardatjew¹

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“…The corresponding working volume is about 19 m 3 . In our previous studies based on simulations and measurements we showed that the field uniformity can be improved in this cavity by adding metallic hemispheres on its metallic walls [1], [2], [4], [5]. The basic idea of this geometrical modification is, in the first instance, to avoid the presence of flat parallel metallic surfaces as they permit regular resonant modes to establish as, for instance, those associated with the multiple reflections between two facing flat parallel surfaces.…”

Section: B Modification Of a Conventional Reverberation Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been demonstrated [5], [8] that for a chaotic system in the weak coupling regime, for weak or moderate modal overlap, the distribution of the resonance widths follows a χ 2 law with M degrees of freedom, with M calculated as:…”

Section: B Distribution Of the Resonance Widthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental characterization of the distribution of resonance widths in chaotic reverberation chambers

Richalot

Kuhl

Legrand

et al. 2016

2016 IEEE Metrology for Aerospace (MetroAeroSpace)

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Abstract-Here we investigate how to characterize chaotic reverberation chambers on a spectral basis by experimentally investigating the distribution of resonance widths and comparing it with a theoretical prediction in the weak coupling limit of open chaotic cavities. Those predictions are deduced from the Random Matrix Theory and depend on two parameters, namely the modal overlap and an effective number of open channels. We find a good agreement between those predictions and the distribution of the extracted widths even below the Lowest Useable Frequency in case of sufficiently chaotic reverberation chambers.

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Dynamic Metasurface Aperture as Smart Around-the-Corner Motion Detector

Hougne

Imani

Sleasman

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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Detecting and analysing motion is a key feature of Smart Homes and the connected sensor vision they embrace. At present, most motion sensors operate in line-of-sight Doppler shift schemes. Here, we propose an alternative approach suitable for indoor environments, which effectively constitute disordered cavities for radio frequency (RF) waves; we exploit the fundamental sensitivity of modes of such cavities to perturbations, caused here by moving objects. We establish experimentally three key features of our proposed system: (i) ability to capture the temporal variations of motion and discern information such as periodicity (“smart”), (ii) non line-of-sight motion detection, and (iii) single-frequency operation. Moreover, we explain theoretically and demonstrate experimentally that the use of dynamic metasurface apertures can substantially enhance the performance of RF motion detection. Potential applications include accurately detecting human presence and monitoring inhabitants’ vital signs.

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Lossy chaotic electromagnetic reverberation chambers: Universal statistical behavior of the vectorial field

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Electromagnetic fields in reverberant environments

Electromagnetic fields in reverberant environments

Experimental characterization of the distribution of resonance widths in chaotic reverberation chambers

Dynamic Metasurface Aperture as Smart Around-the-Corner Motion Detector

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