Low activation materials for fusion applications

Deuterium retention in V–4Cr–4Ti alloy after deuterium ion irradiation

“…Vanadium alloy is an attractive structural material for fusion reactor, because of its low induced radioactivity and the good thermal and mechanical properties at high temperatures [1]. The development of various vanadium alloys and the evaluation of their performances for fusion application have been widely carried out [2].…”

An overview of the welding technologies of CLAM steels for fusion application

“…The concept of low activation materials was firstly proposed by Bloom and colleagues in 1983 [10]. The idea is that the neutron hardening ability of a material should be enhanced within the matrix and at the grain-boundaries when designing the composition and structure of these materials.…”

Effect of the thermomechanical treatment on the microstructures of CLAM steel

“…In the process of thermomechanical treatment, the deformation stress prompts solubility variation of the carbon and nitrogen in the original austenite, the solubility reduces by a large margin, so thermomechanical treatment can be able to induce the MX carbo-nitride to separate out in certain effectiveness [10][11] . When MX carbo-nitride separates out in the condition of high density dislocation, the precipitated MX carbo-nitride takes great effect on pinning for high density dislocation, which results in high density dislocation gains multiplication in development in the process of thermomechanical treatment, and the multiplication dislocation could likewise provide a large amount of conditions for the precipitation of MX carbo-nitride, repeatedly like this, prompting the MX carbo-nitride to separate out in the high density dislocation [9][10][11][12] , making a contribution to the MX carbo-nitride to separate out inside of martensitic lath.…”