Low Altitude UAV Air-to-Ground Channel Measurement and Modeling in Semiurban Environments

Qiu, Zhihong; Chu, Xi; Calvo-Ramírez, César; Briso-Rodríguez, César; Yin, Xuefeng

doi:10.1155/2017/1587412

Cited by 60 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…As can be observed, experimental values approximate the form of the two-ray model. This behavior is also reported by Qiu et al [12] for a low altitude suburban scenario (up to 45 m high) with metallic and concrete obstructions.…”

Section: Experiments 1: Radial Measurementssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Propagation Characteristics for Uavs Operating at Short Range and Low Altitude

Galván-Tejada¹,

Aviles-Mejia²,

Orozco-Lugo³

et al. 2020

PIER C

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Propagation mechanisms for short range, low altitude conditions are reviewed for their use in communications of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This study is based on measurements conducted in an obstacle-free area. The testbed is made up of a testing UAV (in particular a drone) and a set of four ground station terminals (GSTs) located in a football field; the antenna heights of radios (onboard the drone and GSTs) are equal to 1.4 m, and the maximum distance between them is 50 m. Under these conditions, a plane earth geometry is well suited, and therefore the two-ray propagation model is considered. Measurement results for a radial configuration of the drone with respect to a ground station follow the trend of this model, but with a shift, which is attributed to the scattering from the grass. Then, an adjusted two-ray model is proposed for which experiments report good results. For another configuration where the drone has different positions in a square area of 30 × 30 m and there are four ground stations in the corners of the square, the general trend of the power decay of measurement results follows this model, but in some positions a difference around it is found even for locations at the same distance drone-GTSs. This behavior is attributed to the interaction of the print circuit board to the radiation characteristics of the antenna used in the radios. Thus, this effect is also analyzed by simulations, whose results show a deformation of the antenna radiation pattern, concentrating the energy in a certain direction and reducing it in another.

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Section: Experiments 1: Radial Measurementssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…However, in our case, we have observed experimentally that a single slope model based on the two-ray model is a better fit. A similar result is recently reported by Qiu et al [12], but for a suburban area where the UAVs are at low altitudes near metallic and concrete structures.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Propagation Characteristics for Uavs Operating at Short Range and Low Altitude

Galván-Tejada¹,

Aviles-Mejia²,

Orozco-Lugo³

et al. 2020

PIER C

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Thus, we briefly review the measurement-based AG channel modeling work herein. In our prior work, AG channel measurements are conducted in semiurban environments at L-band and C-band [9], [10], and the ray-tracing simulations are used to validate the multipath propagation [11]. Shi et al conducted measurements for drone-to-ground channels in the line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) cases at 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 5 GHz, in which log-distance path loss model was used to predict the fading behavior [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Frequency Air-to-Ground Channel Measurements and Analysis for UAV Communication Systems

et al. 2020

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In order to implement unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based wireless communications, a better understanding of wireless channels and the corresponding channel characterizations are critical. In this paper, air-to-ground (AG) channel measurements are carried out at some candidate frequencies, i.e., 1 GHz, 4 GHz, 12 GHz, and 24 GHz. With measurement data, the crucial channel parameters are comprehensively analyzed. Firstly, based on the channel model in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the essential coefficients for modeling path loss, including path loss exponents (PLEs) and heightdependent factors, are obtained for AG channels. Then, a novel autocorrelation model for shadow fading is proposed. Besides, the small-scale fading is statistically analyzed, where the log-logistic distribution is found as the best fit among popular distributions. Moreover, the second-order statistical characteristics, including the level crossing rate (LCR) and average fade duration (AFD), are extracted to describe indepth the fading behavior. Overall, the results and findings in this paper are essential for realizing reliable communications in AG wireless systems. INDEX TERMS Air-to-ground (AG) channel, characterizations, fading behavior, measurements, UAV.

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“…UAV A2G radio channel measurements have been reported in several works [2]- [6], including passive measurements based on commercial base stations, e.g. in live LTE networks, and active measurements where the transmitter is better con-trolled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emulating UAV Air-to-Ground Radio Channel in Multi-Probe Anechoic Chamber

Miao

Fan

Rodríguez-Piñeiro

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)

Self Cite

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This paper proposes to use ray tracer to simulate unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) air-to-ground (A2G) radio channels in various propagation environments and then to emulate ("replay") the acquired channels in multi-probe anechoic chamber for the purpose of testing UAV network terminal devices. The emulation accuracy of A2G channel by polarized plane wave synthesis algorithm assuming far-field is addressed, and emulated channel properties in the ascending process of UAV are evaluated. Index Terms-Unmanned aerial vehicle air-to-ground channel, ray tracing, multi-probe anechoic chamber, fading emulation

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Low Altitude UAV Air-to-Ground Channel Measurement and Modeling in Semiurban Environments

Cited by 60 publications

References 18 publications

Propagation Characteristics for Uavs Operating at Short Range and Low Altitude

Propagation Characteristics for Uavs Operating at Short Range and Low Altitude

Multi-Frequency Air-to-Ground Channel Measurements and Analysis for UAV Communication Systems

Emulating UAV Air-to-Ground Radio Channel in Multi-Probe Anechoic Chamber

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