Low‐applied Potential Non‐enzymatic Glucose Sensor Based on Ultrathin 2‐D CuS Nanowall Arrays

Abstract

The 2‐D nanostructure, due to unprecedented physical, electronic, and chemical properties, was widely dedicated to the zooms of electrocatalysis, batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, photocatalysis and sensing platforms. Herein, we reported a sort of low‐applied potential non‐enzymatic glucose sensor, which used ultrathin 2‐D CuS nanowall arrays (CuS‐NWAs) fabricated directly onto fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass by potentiostatically deposition approach. Meaningfully, the potentiostatical‐deposition time can control precisely the frame of 2‐D CuS‐NWAs on size and thickness and assist to ferret out the growing mechanization by analyzing the copper valence. Then, CuS‐NWAs‐based non‐enzymatic glucose sensor presented the high sensitivity (2610 μA mM−1 cm−2), a low detection of 17 nM, fast respond time (1.5–6.2 s) and low detection limits (2.6–17.7 nM, S/N=3) regardless of an applied potential as low as 0.33 V (vs. Ag/AgCl), attributed to that the 2‐D CuS‐NWAs offer large active area with numerous exposed active points, a low‐resistance electron‐shuttling passage and door‐opened glucose‐diffusion channel. Additionally, it was found that the sensitivity of CuS‐NWAs‐based non‐enzymatic glucose sensors can be optimized by altering electrodeposition duration for CuS‐NWAs growth. Confirmedly, the 2‐D CuS‐NWAs can be promised as a new system for high‐performance electrochemical sensors with excellent properties of selectivity, stability and reproducibility.

Recent Advances in Materials for Enzyme-free Electrochemical Glucose Sensors

“…Copper (Cu) is also a popular catalytic material for glucose detection because of its low cost, nontoxicity, and high electrochemical activity. Identical to Ni-based materials, Cu-based materials, such as Cu, (39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45) CuO, (46)(47)(48)(49)(50) Cu 2 O, (51)(52)(53)(54) Cu(OH) 2 , (55) CuS, (56,57) and others, can be used for the electrocatalysis of glucose. Cu-based materials participate in the oxidation of glucose oxidation in various forms, such as nanocubes, nanorods, nanowires, nanosheets, and nanoflowers.…”

Au-wrapped CuS-Interlaced Chain Structure for Ultrafast Response and High Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor

“…[23][24][25] It is a favorable electrode material with can potentially facilitate advancement in capacitors, 26 sensors, 27 and batteries. 23 Numerous scientists designed non-enzymatic CuS-based glucose sensors and successfully prepared CuS with various morphologies including nanotubes, 14 nanoflowers, 22 nanodendrites, 27 nanoarrays, 28 nanoflakes, 29 and microflower, 30 via hydrothermal and electrochemical deposition techniques. The generation of these morphologies can effectively prevent the agglomeration of pure CuS nanostructures during the synthesis process and, to a certain extent, improve sensor sensitivity.…”

“…Lastly, gluconolactone may transition to gluconicacid in an alkaline solution through a way of hydrolysis. The specific process is shown in formulas 1-4:28…”