Low-background counting using Ge(Li) detectors with anti-muon-shields

Müller, G.; Wissmann, F.; Schröder, Frank G.; Mondry, G.; Brinkmann, H.-J.; Smend, F.; Schumacher, M.; Fettweis, P.; Carchon, R.

doi:10.1016/0168-9002(90)90432-6

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…the region above natural radioactivity. In particular, in the region between E γ = 7 and 12 MeV, the suppression factor is 100 times better than what was achieved in laboratories at the Earth's surface using active muon shielding in combination with paraffin and lead [27,28]. However, γ γ -coincidence methods [28] could lead to a significantly higher suppression factor at the Earth's surface compared with standard active and passive shielding, but these methods are always coupled to particular nuclear reactions and lead to a reduced detection efficiency.…”

Section: Underground Laboratoriesmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…In the HBS, the 25 Mg(p,γ ) 26 Al reaction starts when the temperature exceeds about 30×10 6 K and between 40 < T (10 6 K) < 60 (corresponding to a Gamow energy of about E 0 = 100 keV) almost all the original 25 Mg is converted into 26 Al. At higher temperatures, the destruction of 26 Al by 26 Al(p,γ ) 27 Si and the refurbishment of 25 Mg by the sequence 24 Mg(p,γ ) 25 Al(β + ) 25 Mg begin to play a relevant role. Once the HBS advances in mass, the 26 Al is accumulated within the H-depleted core.…”

Section: The 25 Mg(pγ ) 26 Al Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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LUNA: a laboratory for underground nuclear astrophysics

et al. 2009

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It is in the nature of astrophysics that many of the processes and objects one tries to understand are physically inaccessible. Thus, it is important that those aspects that can be studied in the laboratory be rather well understood. One such aspect are the nuclear fusion reactions, which are at the heart of nuclear astrophysics. They influence sensitively the nucleosynthesis of the elements in the earliest stages of the universe and in all the objects formed thereafter, and control the associated energy generation, neutrino luminosity, and evolution of stars. We review a new experimental approach for the study of nuclear fusion reactions based on an underground accelerator laboratory, named LUNA.

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Section: Underground Laboratoriesmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: The 25 Mg(pγ ) 26 Al Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

LUNA: a laboratory for underground nuclear astrophysics

et al. 2009

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“…We have either to develop strategies for background rejection plus a state-ofthe-art ultra-low background technique or to go in deep underground sites to avoid cosmic radiation [19]. New technology is needed to deal with low sources of background [20]. Several international organizations such as NuPPEC [3], EURONS/CARINA [4], ECOS [5] underline for the last few years the necessity for such an enterprise: a facility dedicated to nuclear astrophysics in an underground location.…”

Section: Why a Dedicated Underground Lab For Nuclear Astrophysics?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the aspects of nucleosynthesis there are some 'very simple' reactions with a decisive role in the energy production: hydrogen burning via the p-p chain and CNO cycles in main sequence stars and helium burning via 3α → 12 C, 12 C(α, γ ) 16 O, 16 O(α, γ ) 20 Ne and 14 N(α, γ ) 18 F in red giants. Previous reactions together with the 12 C + 12 C, 12 C + 16 O and 16 O + 16 O reactions are crucial for the evolution of a star of given mass and chemical composition.…”

Section: Old or New Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saltmine underground accelerator lab for nuclear astrophysics

Bordeanu

Rolfs

Margineanu

et al. 2007

J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys.

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Nowadays, nuclear astrophysics has to give high precision values for nuclear values which are part of stellar evolution models. The stable beam accelerators play an important role in the process of measuring the very low energy nuclear cross sections. The very low event reaction rate may be separated from the background only if it exceeds the detection limit. One has to go deep underground to lower the background. In this paper, we make a proposal to realize a lab dedicated to nuclear astrophysics only in a salt mine in Romania.

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“…For comparison, an active muon shield in a laboratory at the surface of the earth can reduce the background counting rate by about a factor 10-50 for E γ = 7-11 MeV [37]. The shield provided by the Gran Sasso rock cover therefore offers a clear advantage, in particular at high γ energies, but also at low γ energies and for particle spectroscopy.…”

Section: Laboratory For Underground Nuclear Astrophysics (Luna)mentioning

confidence: 99%

CNO hydrogen burning studied deep underground

et al. 2006

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Abstract. In stars, four hydrogen nuclei are converted into a helium nucleus in two competing nuclear fusion processes, namely the proton-proton chain (p-p chain) and the carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle. For temperatures above 20 million kelvin, the CNO cycle dominates energy production, and its rate is determined by the slowest process, the 14 N(p, γ) 15 O radiative capture reaction. This reaction proceeds through direct and resonant capture into the ground state and several excited states in 15 O. High energy data for capture into each of these states can be extrapolated to stellar energies using an R-matrix fit. The results from several recent extrapolation studies are discussed. A new experiment at the LUNA (Laboratory for Underground Nuclear Astrophysics) 400 kV accelerator in Italy's Gran Sasso laboratory measures the total cross section of the 14 N(p, γ) 15 O reaction with a windowless gas target and a 4π BGO summing detector, down to center of mass energies as low as 70 keV. After reviewing the characteristics of the LUNA facility, the main features of this experiment are discussed, as well as astrophysical scenarios where cross section data in the energy range covered have a direct impact, without any extrapolation. PACS

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Low-background counting using Ge(Li) detectors with anti-muon-shields

Cited by 23 publications

References 4 publications

LUNA: a laboratory for underground nuclear astrophysics

LUNA: a laboratory for underground nuclear astrophysics

Saltmine underground accelerator lab for nuclear astrophysics

CNO hydrogen burning studied deep underground

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