Low birth weight in combination with catch‐up growth predicts the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome in men at late middle age: the Atherosclerosis and Insulin Resistance study

Fagerberg, Björn; Bondjers, L; Nilsson, Peter M.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2004.01361.x

Cited by 126 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Only 2.3% of all children born live are SGA (3). Postnatal catch-up growth in weight or body mass index (BMI) is also a risk factor for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, insulin resistance, and obesity in later life (4)(5)(6). Altered fetal programing of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been suggested as an explanation for this association (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotypes are not associated with birth anthropometry, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition in subjects born small for gestational age

Manenschijn

Akker²,

Ester³

et al. 2010

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Smaller size at birth has been associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult life. Fetal programing of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis has been suggested as a possible explanation. Fetal glucocorticoid (GC) overexposure has effects that suggest a role of GCs in this programing. The effects of GCs are mediated through the GC receptor (GR or NR3C1). Several functional polymorphisms have been described, which are associated with relative GC resistance or hypersensitivity. Our aim is to compare frequencies of GR haplotypes, characterized by the R23K, N363S, Bcl1, or 9b polymorphisms, in subjects born small for gestational age (SGA) and associate birth anthropometry data, response to GH treatment, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition with these haplotypes. Design: In total, 418 SGA subjects and 697 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Methods: Anthropometry data were obtained, as well as blood samples to determine fasting glucose and insulin concentrations. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry scans were used to measure the amount of fat and lean mass. Results: No differences were found between GR haplotype frequencies in SGA children compared with healthy controls. No associations were found between GR haplotypes and birth length and birth weight, growth response during GH treatment, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition. Conclusion: GR haplotypes and their effect on GC sensitivity do not seem to play a significant role in GH-induced catch-up growth and the risk factors of developing metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in adult life of SGA children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotypes are not associated with birth anthropometry, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition in subjects born small for gestational age

Manenschijn

Akker²,

Ester³

et al. 2010

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Studies have linked LBW to childhood mortality (McCormick, 1985), morbidity (Wu et al, 2011), and childhood asthma (Brooks et al, 2001). LBW is also associated with disorders progressing into adulthood, such as metabolic syndrome (Fagerberg et al, 2004), type 2 diabetes (Johansson et al, 2008), cardiovascular diseases (Leeson et al, 2001), respiratory diseases (Walter et al, 2009), and depression (Thompson et al, 2001).…”

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confidence: 99%

DNA Methylation Changes in theIGF1RGene in Birth Weight Discordant Adult Monozygotic Twins

et al. 2015

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Low birth weight (LBW) can have an impact on health outcomes in later life, especially in relation to predisposition to metabolic disease. Several studies suggest that LBW resulting from restricted intrauterine growth leaves a footprint on DNA methylation in utero, and this influence likely persists into adulthood. To investigate this further, we performed epigenome-wide association analyses of blood DNA methylation using Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip profiles in 71 adult monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs who were extremely discordant for birth weight. A signal mapping to the IGF1R gene (cg12562232, p = 2.62 × 10 −8 ), was significantly associated with birth weight discordance at a genome-wide false-discovery rate (FDR) of 0.05. We pursued replication in three additional independent datasets of birth weight discordant MZ pairs and observed the same direction of association, but the results were not significant. However, a meta-analysis across the four independent samples, in total 216 birth-weight discordant MZ twin pairs, showed a significant positive association between birth weight and DNA methylation differences at IGF1R (random-effects meta-analysis p = .04), and the effect was particularly pronounced in older twins (randomeffects meta-analysis p = .008, 98 older birth-weight discordant MZ twin pairs). The results suggest that severe intra-uterine growth differences (birth weight discordance >20%) are associated with methylation changes in the IGF1R gene in adulthood, independent of genetic effects.

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“…[7][8][9] If this is the case, a critical window of opportunity to modify programming can exist during pregnancy and through the first years of life. This topic has gained knowledge mainly from retrospective studies; however, linking early factors with later health can be more assuredly assessed by performing prospective studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

Associations of Birth Weight and Postnatal Weight Gain With Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters at 5 Years of Age

et al. 2014

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Abstract-The present prospective study assessed the impact of birth weight (BW) and postnatal weight gain on blood pressure and metabolic profile during the first 5 years of life. One hundred thirty-nine newborns (63 women) born at term after uncomplicated pregnancies and in the absence of perinatal illness were included. Subjects were divided according to size at birth in small, appropriate, and large for gestational age. After the initial evaluation on the second day of life, infants were followed up at 6 months and 2 and 5 years. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured at each visit and metabolic assessment was performed at 5 years of age. Among the BW groups, mothers did not differ in terms of age, smoking, and weight gain during pregnancy. BW was a positive determinant of systolic blood pressure at birth. Afterward, current weight was the strongest determinant, becoming significant at 2 years of age and progressively increasing in influence. At 5 years insulin, the homeostasis model assessment index and triglycerides were dependent on BW, current weight, and postnatal weight gain. In addition, BW was positively associated with high-density lipoproteincholesterol and inversely so to uric acid. A positive relationship among insulin, blood pressure values, and uric acid was observed even early in life.

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Low birth weight in combination with catch‐up growth predicts the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome in men at late middle age: the Atherosclerosis and Insulin Resistance study

Cited by 126 publications

References 30 publications

Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotypes are not associated with birth anthropometry, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition in subjects born small for gestational age

Glucocorticoid receptor gene haplotypes are not associated with birth anthropometry, blood pressure, glucose and insulin concentrations, and body composition in subjects born small for gestational age

DNA Methylation Changes in theIGF1RGene in Birth Weight Discordant Adult Monozygotic Twins

Associations of Birth Weight and Postnatal Weight Gain With Cardiometabolic Risk Parameters at 5 Years of Age

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