Low Birth Weight Is Related to Stunting Incidents: Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey Data Analysis

Abstract

The problem of stunting in Indonesia is classified as chronic. In 2022, the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia was 21.6%, down from 24.4% in 2021. However, the percentage of stunting above 20% is still high and far from the WHO target. This study aimed to determine the relationship between birth weight and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Indonesia. The research design was cross-sectional, using Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey Data in 2021 obtained from the Indonesian Health Ministry. The sample of this study was 20808 data. The data analysis techniques used were univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The results show that the variables that influence the incidence of stunting in toddlers in Indonesia are birth weight category (p=0.000; OR=2.720; CI=2.420-3.080), child age (p=0.000; OR=2.617; CI=2.401-2.854), gender of toddlers (p=0.000; OR=1.439; CI=1.338-1.547), mother’s education level (p=0.000; OR=1.329; CI=1.230-1.436), JKN ownership (p=0.026; OR=1.098; CI=1.011-1.191), mother’s employment status (p=0.013; OR=0.904; CI= 0.834-0.979), age of starting solids (p=0.000; OR=0.824; CI=0.767-0.886). This study found that birth weight was the most influential factor in the incidence of stunting.