Low Blood Pressure in Down's Syndrome

The vascular endothelium synthesizes and releases a spectrum of vasoactive substances like nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin (ET). In hypertension, the delicate balance of endothelium-derived factors is disturbed. ET acts as the natural counterpart to endothelium-derived NO, which exerts vasodilating, antithrombotic, and antiproliferative effects, and inhibits leukocyte-adhesion to the vascular wall. Besides its blood pressure rising effect also in man, ET induces vascular and myocardial hypertrophy, which are independent risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The derangement of endothelial function in hypertension is likely to be caused in part by genetic factors, but also due to elevated blood pressure itself. Due to its position between blood pressure and smooth muscle cells responsible for peripheral resistance, the endothelium is thought to be both target and mediator of arterial hypertension. Oxi-

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“…Furthermore, the normal age-associated increase of blood pressure is absent in patients with Down's syndrome. 81 …”

Section: Role Of Oxidative Stress In Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working under pressure: the vascular endothelium in arterial hypertension

et al. 2000

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“…[10][11][12][13][14] Additionally, persons with DS have significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure than do individuals with cognitive impairments due to other causes. [15][16][17][18][19] Further, DS patients have a reduced risk of vascular anomalies compared with the general population. 20 Finally, the prevalence of coronary artery disease is low in DS subjects and pathological studies pOiNt-Of-view pOiNt-Of-view being in the thymus, the colon and small intestine, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trisomy-21 gene dosage over-expression of miRNAs results in the haploinsufficiency of specific target proteins

Elton

Sansom²,

Martin³

2010

RNA Biology

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“…8,10 Among our patients, none presented hypertension; 11 cases (11.3%) were classified as presenting prehypertension, among which 9 presented obesity class II and III. These patients will be monitored through periodic measurements of their BP and referral for medical care.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Blood pressure levels and body mass index in Brazilian adults with Down syndrome

et al. 2016

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CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increased life expectancy among people with Down syndrome (DS) has introduced new environmental factors that may affect blood pressure (BP) and/or lead to obesity in this population. The aim here was to investigate BP levels and body mass index (BMI) in adults with DS, correlating these data with the patients' sex and age. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional observational study conducted in special schools in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. METHODS: 97 adult patients were included. BP was measured in accordance with the established guidelines. BMI was calculated by dividing the weight by the height squared (kg/m 2 ). RESULTS: Sex had no influence on BMI; nor did systolic BP (SBP) or diastolic BP (DBP). The age range was from 18 to 56 years. No correlation was observed between increasing age and greater BMI or BP. Eighty-six individuals (88.7%) presented normal BP, eleven (11.3%) prehypertension and none hypertension. Twenty patients (20.4%) presented BP lower than 90 × 60 mmHg. BMI ranged from 18 to 48 kg/m 2 (mean of 28.8 ± 3.92 kg/m 2 ): 21.9% had normal weight; 40.7% were overweight; and 25.3% had obesity class I, 9.9% class II and 2.2% class III. Higher BMI was associated with significantly greater SBP and DBP (P = 0.0175 and P = 0.0015). CONCLUSION: Sex and age did not influence SBP, DBP or BMI in Brazilian adults with DS. Higher BMI was associated with greater BP (both systolic and diastolic). RESUMOCONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: O aumento da expectativa de vida das pessoas com síndrome de Down (SD) introduziu novos fatores ambientais que podem afetar a pressão sanguínea e/ou levar a obesidade nessa população. O objetivo foi investigar os níveis de pressão arterial (PA) e o índice de massa corporal (IMC) em adultos com SD, correlacionando estes dados com a idade e o gênero dos pacientes. DESENHO E LOCAL: Estudo observacional, transversal e analítico, realizado em escolas especiais em Curitiba (PR), Brasil. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos 97 pacientes adultos. A aferição da PA foi feita de acordo com as diretrizes estabelecidas. O IMC foi calculado dividindo-se o peso pela altura ao quadrado (kg/m 2 ). RESULTADOS: O gênero não influenciou o IMC, a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD). A idade variou de 18 a 56 anos. Não foi observada correlação entre aumento da idade e maior IMC ou pressão arterial. 86 indivíduos (88,7%) apresentaram PA normal, 11 (11,3%) pré-hipertensão e nenhum hipertensão. Vinte (20,4%) apresentaram PA inferior a 90 × 60 mmHg. O IMC variou entre 18 e 48 kg/m 2 (média de 28,8 ± 3,92), 21,9% tinham peso normal, 40,7% sobrepeso, 25,3% obesidade grau I, 9,9 % grau II e 2,2% obesidade grau III. Aumento significativo da PAS e PAD foi associado com elevação do IMC (P = 0,0175 e P = 0,0015). CONCLUSÃO: Verificou-se que sexo e idade não influenciaram PAS, PAD e IMC em adultos brasileiros com SD. O aumento significativo da PAS e PAD foi associado com o aumento do IMC.

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Low Blood Pressure in Down's Syndrome

Cited by 58 publications

References 36 publications

Working under pressure: the vascular endothelium in arterial hypertension

Working under pressure: the vascular endothelium in arterial hypertension

Trisomy-21 gene dosage over-expression of miRNAs results in the haploinsufficiency of specific target proteins

Blood pressure levels and body mass index in Brazilian adults with Down syndrome

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