Low bone density in children with hypercalciuria and/or nephrolithiasis

Schwaderer, Andrew L.; Cronin, Robert E.; Mahan, John D.; Bates, Carlton M.

doi:10.1007/s00467-008-0929-4

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…In a previous study, our group determined that 30% of the 73 hypercalciuric children investigated showed signs of osteopenia [2]. This association of osteopenia and IH was later confirmed by Freundlich et al [3], Penido et al [4], and Schwaderer et al [5], who respectively reported that 38, 37, and 47% of the IH children studied showed a significant decrease in BMD.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Effect of thiazides on bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria

et al. 2011

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To determine the effect of thiazide treatment on bone mineral density (BMD) in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) and osteopenia, we reviewed the case notes of 22 children aged 11.7 ± 2.7 years diagnosed with IH and osteopenia who had received thiazides for 2.4 years. The data on this group were compared with those of 32 IH children with osteopenia aged 11.2 ± 2.7 years who had not received thiazide treatment. By the end of the follow-up period, the z-BMD had improved spontaneously in 23 of the 32 control children (72%) and in 12 of the 22 patients on thiazides (54%). Although treated patients had a higher body mass index (BMI) and a higher BMD following treatment, the differences became statistically negligible when these parameters were expressed as z-BMD or as bone mineral apparent density (BMAD). In contrast, within the control group, there were significant differences in BMAD and z-BMD at the end of the follow-up. Patients who had an improved z-BMD at the end of the treatment also showed an increase in their BMI. Based on these results, we conclude that thiazide treatment does not improve the z-BMD in children with IH. More than half of the children suffering from IH enrolled in our study showed a spontaneous improvement in their z-BMD, which was more evident when the initial BMAD was not low and when their BMI increased during the follow-up period.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Effect of thiazides on bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria

et al. 2011

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“…Increased rates of low BMD and increased carotid artery wall thickness have also been identified in preliminary studies of children and adults with USD (9)(10)(11)(12). USD is also associated with CKD, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension (13,14).…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 85%

Urinary Stone Disease: Advancing Knowledge, Patient Care, and Population Health

Scales

Tasian

Schwaderer

et al. 2016

CJASN

Self Cite

138

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Expanding epidemiologic and physiologic data suggest that urinary stone disease is best conceptualized as a chronic metabolic condition punctuated by symptomatic, preventable stone events. These acute events herald substantial future chronic morbidity, including decreased bone mineral density, cardiovascular disease, and CKD. Urinary stone disease imposes a large and growing public health burden. In the United States, 1 in 11 individuals will experience a urinary stone in their lifetime. Given this high incidence and prevalence, urinary stone disease is one of the most expensive urologic conditions, with health care charges exceeding $10 billion annually. Patient care focuses on management of symptomatic stones rather than prevention; after three decades of innovation, procedural interventions are almost exclusively minimally invasive or noninvasive, and mortality is rare. Despite these advances, the prevalence of stone disease has nearly doubled over the past 15 years, likely secondary to dietary and health trends. The NIDDK recently convened a symposium to assess knowledge and treatment gaps to inform future urinary stone disease research. Reducing the public health burden of urinary stone disease will require key advances in understanding environmental, genetic, and other individual disease determinants; improving secondary prevention; and optimal population health strategies in an increasingly cost-conscious care environment.

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“…The main reason is the fact of being considered as a supplement, but studies with more detailed information on its effects in the pediatric population are lacking [102] . Studies by Reusz et al [103] and Schwaderer et al [104] demonstrated the beneficial effects of thiazides and/or potassium citrate on bone mineral density in children with IH. According to Srivastava et al [102] , drug therapy should be reserved for children with symptomatic hypercalcuria and/or rare monogenic disorders.…”

Section: Idiopathic Calcium Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric primary urolithiasis: Symptoms, medical management and prevention strategies

Penido

Tavares

2015

WJN

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In the past few decades pediatric urolithiasis has become more frequent. The reason for this increase is not completely clear but has been attributed to changes in climate, nutritional habits and possibly other environmental factors. Although less frequent than adult stone disease, urolithiasis in the pediatric age group is also related to significant morbidity, particularly since stones tend to recur, and, thus, should not be underestimated. Most children with idiopathic stone disease have an underlying metabolic abnormality substantiating the importance of metabolic evaluation already following initial diagnosis of urolithiasis. Identification of the metabolic abnormality allows for more specific prescription of non pharmacological and pharmacological interventions aimed at preventing recurrent stone formation. A better understanding of the causes of kidney stone disease will provide better strategies for stone prevention in children.

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Low bone density in children with hypercalciuria and/or nephrolithiasis

Cited by 44 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of thiazides on bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria

Effect of thiazides on bone mineral density in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria

Urinary Stone Disease: Advancing Knowledge, Patient Care, and Population Health

Pediatric primary urolithiasis: Symptoms, medical management and prevention strategies

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