Low bone mineral density is associated with severe periodontitis at the end of the second decade of life: A population‐based study

Costa, Susilena Arouche; Ribeiro, Cecília Cláudia Costa; Oliveira, Kheops Renoir de; Alves, Cláudia Maria Coêlho; Thomaz, Érika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca; Casarin, Renato Corrêa Viana; Souza, Soraia de Fátima Carvalho

doi:10.1111/jcpe.13525

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…The decreased mass and fragility of the alveolar bone were prone to facilitate oral biofilm infection, spell host immunological responses, and accelerate the progression of periodontitis. [39] In our case, vitamin D supplementation proved to be useful in treating periodontitis adjunctively, which is consistent with the studies reported before. [16,40] With the combination of scaling and root planing and vitamin D supplementation, the periodontal condition has improved.…”

Section: Authorsupporting

confidence: 92%

A case of early-onset periodontitis with vitamin D deficiency: A case report and literature review

Li,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Rationale: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease with multifactorial etiology. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble vitamin, has protective effects on inflammatory response in various systemic conditions. The clinical features of vitamin D deficiency include growth failure, hypotonia, pathologic fractures, rachitic rosary, tetany and so on. Here we present a case of 12-year-old girl affected by early-onset periodontitis accompanied with vitamin D deficiency. Patient concerns: A 12-year-old girl with gingival redness, bleeding associated with tooth brushing, and mandibular anterior teeth movement, with difficulty in mastication for the past 2 months. There is no relevant family history or special systemic disease history. The serological microelement test showed vitamin D levels were significantly lower than normal range. Immunological test showed abnormal CD4+/CD8+(CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+) ratio as well. Diagnoses: Based on the clinical and serological findings, this patient was ultimately diagnosed with early-onset periodontitis accompanied with vitamin D deficiency. Interventions: The main treatments for this patient were 3-fold: periodontal therapy, vitamin D supplement and oral hygiene instructions. Outcomes: Following 1-year therapy, periodontal conditions recovered and became stable. And serological vitamin D levels returned to normal range. Lessons: The case of interest serves as an important reminder to clinicians, that the early-onset periodontitis may be associated with micronutrients abnormalities, and early-diagnosis and treatment could avoid the body heathy disorders.

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Section: Authorsupporting

confidence: 92%

A case of early-onset periodontitis with vitamin D deficiency: A case report and literature review

Li,

Zhang,

Wang

et al. 2023

Medicine

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“…According to epidemiological studies, early signs of incipient periodontitis unnoticeably become widespread and severe irrespective of the age group (López et al, 2009). Furthermore, this greater periodontal destruction in young subjects can be explained by systemic disequilibrium of the host, such as alterations in the bone metabolism (Costa et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic oral diseases burden: The confluence of caries and periodontitis throughout life

Costa

Ribeiro

Leite

et al. 2022

J Clinic Periodontology

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Aim To investigate the confluence of caries and periodontitis indicators from adolescence to elderhood among Americans. Materials and Methods This cross‐sectional study explored the grouping among a set of caries and periodontitis indicators (the proportion of sites with bleeding on probing, moderate probing pocket depth [PPD, 4–5 mm], severe PPD [≥6 mm], moderate clinical attachment level [CAL, 3–4 mm], severe CAL [≥5 mm], number of teeth with furcation involvement, number of decayed teeth, number of teeth with pulp involvement, and the number of missing teeth) in 14,421 Americans from the NHANES III study. Exploratory factorial analysis was used to determine the constructs between those indicators (factorial loading ≥0.3). These analyses were stratified by age and confirmed with a confirmatory factorial analysis. We also performed a sensitivity analysis using the NHANES 2011–2014. Results Two constructs were extracted. The first, Chronic Oral Diseases Burden, grouped caries indicators with moderate PPD and moderate CAL for the youngest subjects (13–39 years old), while for the subjects over 50 years, the Chronic Oral Disease Burden grouped caries indicators with severe CAL and PPD and furcation involvement. The second construct, Periodontal Destruction, grouped only periodontitis indicators. Conclusions Caries and periodontitis indicators grouped consistently across the different age ranges in lapse times of 25 years.

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“…However, previous studies have found that high levels of glycine might decrease the bone mineral density (BMD), thus increasing the risk of osteoporosis (Eriksson et al 2021;Zhang et al 2021). Considering that low BMD is a risk factor for severe periodontitis (Costa et al 2021), we speculate that the increase of glycine may increase the risk of periodontitis and lead to tooth loss by decreasing alveolar BMD. However, direct evidence for this relationship is lacking, so the effect of glycine on the risk of tooth loss needs further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Metabolites and Dental Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Zheng,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2023

J Dent Res

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It is of great importance to uncover causal biomarkers to gain insight into the pathogenesis of oral diseases and identify novel treatment targets for prevention and treatment thereof. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the causal effects of hundreds of metabolites on 10 dental traits using a 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Genetic variants from genome-wide association studies of 309 known metabolites were used as instrumental variables. We selected 10 dental traits, including clinical measures of dental diseases, from the Gene–Lifestyle Interactions in Dental Endpoints Consortium and self-reported oral health data from the UK Biobank. The causal relationships between metabolites and dental traits were inferred using the inverse variance–weighted approach and further controlled for horizontal pleiotropy using 5 additional MR methods. After correcting for multiple tests, 5 metabolites were identified as causal biomarkers. Genetically predicted increased levels of mannose were associated with lower risk of bleeding gums (odds ratio [OR] = 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.61–0.85; P = 9.9 × 10−5). MR also indicated 4 metabolites on the causal pathway to dentures, with fructose (OR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.36–0.70; P = 5.2 × 10−5) and 1-palmitoleoyl-glycerophosphocholine (OR = 0.67; 95% CI, 0.56–0.81; P = 4.8 × 10−5) as potential protective factors and glycine (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.11–1.35; P = 5.6×10−5) and 1,5-anhydroglucitol (OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14–1.52; P = 1.5 × 10−4) as risk factors. The causal associations were robust in various sensitivity analyses. We further observed some shared metabolites among different dental traits, implying similar biological mechanisms underlying the pathogenic processes. Finally, the pathway analysis revealed several significant metabolic pathways that may be involved in the development of dental disorders. Our study provides novel insights into the combination of metabolomics and genomics to reveal the pathogenesis of and therapeutic strategies for dental disorders. It highlighted 5 metabolites and several pathways as causal candidates, warranting further investigation.

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Low bone mineral density is associated with severe periodontitis at the end of the second decade of life: A population‐based study

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

A case of early-onset periodontitis with vitamin D deficiency: A case report and literature review

A case of early-onset periodontitis with vitamin D deficiency: A case report and literature review

Chronic oral diseases burden: The confluence of caries and periodontitis throughout life

Circulating Metabolites and Dental Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study

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